减振镗杆的动力学仿真及其参数优化

发布时间：2018-01-06 07:34

本文关键词：减振镗杆的动力学仿真及其参数优化　出处：《西华大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着机械制造工业的不断向前发展,制造行业所涉及的领域越来越广。与此同时,由于市场竞争的不断加剧,对机械加工质量和加工效率的要求不断提高。在各种各样加工内容中,孔加工特别是深而且口径小的孔的加工是一种经常碰见的加工内容。对于采用镗削加工方法进行的深孔加工,由于其加工的环境比较特殊,通常情况下要求镗孔用的镗杆细而且长,一旦镗杆的长径比超过4倍后,镗杆的刚度会快速的降低。镗杆刚度的降低,使得镗杆在进行镗孔加工时产生较大的振动,从而使孔的加工质量无法满足加工要求,甚至使加工无法进行。因此,采取怎样的措施来减小大长径比镗杆在镗削过程中的振动已经是急需想法解决的一个问题。关于镗削过程的研究,传统方法是建立镗杆减振系统的数学模型,列出响应的动力学方程,通过数学的手段来进行镗杆的振动性能分析,但这种分析方法运算复杂,效率较低。本课题采用能解决复杂工程问题的有限元法来对问题进行分析,同时借助目前应用得比较广泛的通用有限元软件Ansys来进行相关的分析计算。通过使用有限元分析软件Ansys可以对机械振动系统进行动力学仿真并进行准确求解,预测出镗杆的动力学性能,实现对影响镗杆振动的情况的相关因素的分析,通过对相关的影响因素进行参数优化,达到最佳的减振效果,这样不仅可以提高产品的性能、缩短研发的时间,同时也能减少产品的开发费用,减少材料的浪费。在本课题的研究中,广泛查阅了国外的先进的减振镗杆的结构设计,认真分析其减振理论,通过对比分析,最终选择借鉴瑞典Sandvik公司所设计的内置式动力减振镗杆的结构来作为所设计的减振镗杆的主要参考结构,再结合国内生产制造的实情进行局部改进,完成了减振镗杆的设计。在进行减振镗杆的减振系统动力学分析时,首先使用理论的方法,应用数学手段初步得出可行的减振系统中各参数的初始值,然后在有限元分析软件Ansys中建立所设计的减振镗杆的有限元模型,使用Ansys对减振镗杆进行动力学仿真,得出镗杆的相关动态特性参数。在此基础上以刀尖径向振动幅值最小为目标,利用有限元软件Ansys的优化分析功能对所选择的主要参数进行优化,得到减振系统的最优参数值。通过本文的研究分析,可以为内置式的动力减振镗杆的设计和改进提供可靠的依据,解决了用传统方法很难精确求解减振镗杆动态性能参数的难题,对内置式动力减振镗杆的研发有重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the machinery manufacturing industry, the manufacturing industry involves more and more fields. At the same time, due to the increasing competition in the market. The requirements for machining quality and efficiency are constantly improving. In a variety of processing content. Hole machining, especially deep and small hole machining, is a kind of processing content that is often encountered. For the deep hole machining with boring method, because of its processing environment is relatively special. The boring bar is usually required to be fine and long. Once the length to diameter ratio of the boring bar exceeds 4 times, the stiffness of the boring bar will be reduced quickly and the stiffness of the boring bar will be reduced. Make boring bar in boring machining to produce a larger vibration, so that the hole processing quality can not meet the processing requirements, and even the processing can not be carried out. How to reduce the vibration of boring bar with large aspect ratio is an urgent problem. On the research of boring process, the traditional method is to establish the mathematical model of vibration absorption system of boring bar, to list the dynamic equation of response, and to analyze the vibration performance of boring bar by mathematical means. However, this analysis method is complex and inefficient. In this paper, the finite element method which can solve the complex engineering problems is used to analyze the problem. The dynamic simulation of mechanical vibration system can be carried out by using the finite element analysis software Ansys. To solve the problem accurately. The dynamic performance of the boring bar is predicted and the related factors that affect the vibration of the boring bar are analyzed. The optimal damping effect is achieved by optimizing the parameters of the related factors. This can not only improve the performance of the product, shorten the time of research and development, but also reduce the cost of product development and reduce the waste of materials. In the research of this subject, the structure design of the advanced vibration absorption boring bar abroad is widely consulted, and the theory of vibration absorption is analyzed carefully, and through comparative analysis. Finally, we choose the structure of the built-in dynamic vibration absorption boring bar designed by Sweden Sandvik Company as the main reference structure of the designed vibration absorption boring bar. The design of vibration absorption boring bar is completed, and the theory method is used in the dynamic analysis of vibration absorption system of the vibration absorption boring bar. The initial values of the parameters in the feasible vibration absorption system are obtained by mathematical means, and then the finite element model of the designed vibration absorption boring bar is established in the finite element analysis software Ansys. The dynamic simulation of vibration absorption boring bar is carried out by using Ansys, and the related dynamic characteristic parameters of boring bar are obtained. On this basis, the minimum amplitude of radial vibration at the tip of the cutter is taken as the goal. The optimization analysis function of finite element software Ansys is used to optimize the selected main parameters, and the optimal parameters of the damping system are obtained. Through the research and analysis of this paper, it can provide a reliable basis for the design and improvement of the built-in dynamic vibration absorption boring bar, and solve the problem that the traditional method is difficult to accurately solve the dynamic performance parameters of the vibration absorption boring bar. It has important guiding significance for the research and development of the built-in dynamic vibration absorption boring bar.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TG53;TH113

【参考文献】