塔式起重机疲劳破坏机理的分析研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 03:08

本文关键词：塔式起重机疲劳破坏机理的分析研究　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：塔式起重机（以下简称塔机）是现代建筑施工中不可或缺的起重设备之一，其安全运行也是施工安全的重要标志。随着施工高度和强度不断增加，塔机在使用过程中频繁出现倒塌、断臂等机毁人亡的严重事故。本文针对多起塔机事故的进行分析，发现多数塔机事故是由于结构疲劳破坏而引起的。在此背景下，本文通过分析国内外疲劳研究现状，选用QTZ4510塔机为研究对象，对其进行疲劳破坏机理的研究。主要开展工作如下： 1.对金属构件的疲劳损伤特性作了理论分析。通过研究疲劳理论，针对目前研究金属损伤的理论进行了描述，总结了金属构件的疲劳破坏影响因素。结合塔机的实际工作特点，得出了塔机的疲劳类型。 2.建立塔机有限元模型。利用ANSYS软件建立了QTZ4510塔机的有限元模型，结合典型工况对塔机进行静力学分析，得到塔机在此工况下的应力分布。并通过超载、模态分析和谐响应分析的方式，确定了塔机容易出现疲劳破坏危险的位置。 3.塔机焊接强度分析。结合塔机自身的焊接结构特征，分析了影响塔机焊接强度的因素，通过对塔机事故的调查，，研究了起重臂和塔身焊接件发生破坏的原因和位置，并总结了提高焊接强度的措施。 4.疲劳裂纹分析。通过分析塔机起重臂受力特点，运用损伤力学和断裂力学理论对塔机疲劳裂纹的形成和扩展进行分析，确立了塔机疲劳裂纹总寿命的预测方法。
[Abstract]:Tower crane ( hereinafter referred to as tower crane ) is one of the indispensable lifting equipment in modern building construction , and its safe operation is an important sign of construction safety . With the increasing construction height and strength , the tower crane frequently collapses and breaks down . 1 . The fatigue damage characteristic of the metal component is analyzed theoretically . By studying the fatigue theory , the theory of metal damage is described , and the influence factors of the fatigue failure of the metal component are summarized . The fatigue type of the tower crane is obtained by combining the actual working characteristics of the tower crane . 2 . The finite element model of tower crane is established . The finite element model of QTZ4510 tower crane is established by ANSYS software , and the stress distribution of tower crane under this condition is obtained by static analysis of tower crane in combination with typical working conditions . 3 . Analysis of welding strength of tower crane . Combined with the welding characteristics of tower crane itself , the factors influencing the welding strength of tower crane are analyzed . Through investigation of tower crane accident , the cause and location of the damage of boom and tower weldment are studied , and the measures to improve welding strength are summarized . 4 . The fatigue crack analysis is carried out by analyzing the stress characteristics of the heavy arm of the tower crane , and the formation and extension of the fatigue crack of the tower crane are analyzed by using the damage mechanics and the fracture mechanics theory , and the prediction method of the total fatigue crack life of the tower crane is established .

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH213.3

【引证文献】