不同有机氮效率的甜菜基因型筛选及差异分析

发布时间：2018-01-19 11:39

本文关键词： 甜菜有机氮利用效率吸收效率根系　出处：《植物研究》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过对不同基因型甜菜土壤有机氮利用及吸收效率的筛选和差异分析,为土壤有机氮高效基因型甜菜的栽培及品种选育提供理论依据。2014-2015年选取100份不同基因型的甜菜材料通过室内及田间试验在甜菜的不同发育阶段比较并分析土壤有机氮效率,筛选出对有机氮利用及吸收效率均显著差异的高效和低效基因型甜菜材料。结果表明,初步筛选得到的有机氮高效基因型甜菜材料KWS8138、HI0466和有机氮低效基因型甜菜材料BETA176、T230苗期全株及根部有机氮利用效率(Organic Nitrogen Use Efficiency,ONUE)差异显著;之后通过田间试验对有机氮吸收效率(Organic Nitrogen Assimilation Efficiency,ONAE)做了进一步筛选,发现KWS8138不但对ONUE有显著优势,还具有较高的有机氮素吸收能力,包括苗期之后对土壤有机氮素的运转量较高,合理的根冠比等。有机氮低效基因型甜菜材料BETA176的有机氮素吸收利用能力很弱、氮素转运能力过低等限制了植株对有机氮素的合理利用,不利于有机氮效率的提高。因此确定KWS8138为有机氮高效基因型材料,BETA176为有机氮低效基因型材料,均可作为进一步试验的材料。有机氮高效基因型甜菜较高的土壤有机氮转运量及合理的根冠比促进了其对有机氮素的吸收,是有机氮高效的基础。较高的干物质生产效率反应了甜菜对有机氮素的高效利用,是有机氮高效的关键。
[Abstract]:The soil organic nitrogen utilization and absorption efficiency of different genotypes of sugarbeet were screened and analyzed. To provide theoretical basis for the cultivation and breeding of soil organic nitrogen efficient genotypes sugarbeet. 100 sugarbeet materials with different genotypes were selected in 2014-2015. The soil organic nitrogen efficiency was compared and analyzed in fertility stage. High efficiency and low efficiency sugarbeet materials with significant difference in utilization and absorption efficiency of organic nitrogen were selected. The results showed that the preliminary screening of organic nitrogen efficient genotype sugarbeet material KWS8138. HI0466 and BETA176, the low efficient genotypes of organic nitrogen. There was a significant difference in organic Nitrogen Use efficiency (Nitrogen) between T230 seedlings and roots. After that, organic Nitrogen Assimilation Efficiency was absorbed by organic nitrogen in a field experiment. It was found that KWS8138 not only had significant advantages on ONUE, but also had higher absorption capacity of organic nitrogen, including higher translocation of soil organic nitrogen after seedling stage. The organic nitrogen uptake and utilization ability of BETA176 was very weak, and the low nitrogen transport capacity limited the rational utilization of organic nitrogen. Therefore, KWS8138 was determined to be a genotypic material with high organic nitrogen efficiency and low organic nitrogen efficiency. The higher soil organic nitrogen transport capacity and the reasonable root-shoot ratio promoted the absorption of organic nitrogen. Higher dry matter production efficiency reflects the high utilization of organic nitrogen in sugar beet and is the key of organic nitrogen efficiency.
【作者单位】：黑龙江省普通高校甜菜遗传育种重点实验室/黑龙江大学;黑龙江大学农作物研究院/中国农业科学院甜菜研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31371686) 国家甜菜现代农业产业技术体系土壤肥料岗位建设项目(CARS-210306) 黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12541623)~~
【分类号】：S566.3
【正文快照】： 甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.,Sugar beet)是主要的糖料作物之一,还是重要的经济作物,分布在45°~65°N之间的冷凉地区[1]。目前我国的甜菜种植主要集中在黑龙江、新疆和内蒙古3个生产优势区域[2]。在甜菜的发育过程中,施氮过量是影响其产量、品质和生产效益的主要原因之一[2~3]。而

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