荷斯坦奶牛产奶性状相关基因及关联性研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 17:05

本文关键词： 荷斯坦奶牛产奶性状 Sequenom SNP 关联性单倍型　出处：《宁夏大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究以宁夏地区22个牛场的共2304头荷斯坦奶牛为研究对象,对与产奶性状相关的9个基因,即催乳素(PRL)及其受体(PRLR)基因、生长激素受体基因(GHR)、乙酰辅酶A：二酰甘油酰基转移酶2基因(DGAT2)、信号传导与转录激活因子5a基因(STAT5a)、乳蛋白基因(K-酪蛋白基因即K-CN和p-乳球蛋白基因即p-LG)、三磷酸腺苷结合转运蛋白G超家族成员2基因(ABCG2)和真核翻译延长因子1D基因(EEF1D)为候选标记基因,运用Sequenom SNP分型技术对其多态性及与产奶性状的关联性进行研究,表明：1.本研究首次在荷斯坦奶牛群体中进行了EEF1D-1、EEF1D-3与产奶性状的关联性研究,发现EEF1D-1位点的GG基因型乳脂率显著高于AG型(p0.05),EEF1D-3位点的GG基因型和GA基因型的乳脂率都极显著高于AA型(p0.01),该基因可作为提高乳脂率的分子标记。2.本次研究选择的基因位点在宁夏地区的荷斯坦奶牛群体中都存在着多态性。3.与产奶量相关的位点是K-CN-10927位点,AA基因型的产奶量显著高于CA基因型(p0.05)和极显著高于CC基因型(p0.01);与乳脂率相关的位点是GHR-4962、EEF1D-1和EEF1D-3位点,GHR-4962位点的TT基因型的乳脂率极显著高于AT型(p0.01);与乳蛋白率相关的位点是GHR-4962位点,TT基因型的乳蛋白率显著高于AA型(p0.05)和极显著高于AT型(p0.01)。4. EEF1D-1-3单倍体的GGGG单倍型和GGGA单倍型的乳脂率都极显著高于GGAA型(p0.01)。
[Abstract]:In this study, 2304 Holstein cows from 22 cattle farms in Ningxia were studied. Nine genes related to milk production traits, namely prolactin (PRL) and its receptor (PRLRR), were studied. Growth hormone receptor gene (GHRN), acetyl coenzyme A: diacylglyceryl transferase 2 gene (DGAT2), signal transduction and transcription activator 5a gene (STAT5a). K- casein gene (K-CN and p- lactoglobulin gene is p-LG). Adenosine triphosphate binding transporter G superfamily 2 gene (ABCG2) and eukaryotic translation extension factor 1D gene (EEF1D) were candidate marker genes. Sequenom SNP typing technique was used to study its polymorphism and its association with milking traits. The results showed that: 1. EEF1D-1 was carried out in Holstein dairy cattle population for the first time in this study. The correlation between EEF1D-3 and milk yield showed that the milk fat rate of GG genotype at EEF1D-1 locus was significantly higher than that of AG genotype (p0.05). The milk fat rates of GG genotype and GA genotype at EEF1D-3 locus were significantly higher than those of AA genotype (p0.01). This gene can be used as a molecular marker to increase milk fat rate. 2. The gene locus selected in this study is polymorphic in Holstein dairy cattle population in Ningxia area. The locus associated with milk yield is K-CN-1. Site 0927. The milk yield of AA genotype was significantly higher than that of CA genotype (p0.05) and very significantly higher than that of CC genotype. The GHR-4962EEF1D-1 and EEF1D-3 loci were associated with milk fat percentage. The milk fat rate of TT genotype at GHR-4962 locus was significantly higher than that of AT type (P 0.01). The GHR-4962 locus was associated with milk protein percentage. The milk protein rate of TT genotype was significantly higher than that of AA genotype (p0.05) and extremely significantly higher than that of AT genotype (p0.01). The milk fat rates of GGGG haplotypes and GGGA haplotypes of EEF1D-1-3 haploid were significantly higher than those of GGAA.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S823

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