水稻长日抑制基因PhyB的多样性及区域适应性初探

发布时间：2018-02-28 11:39

本文关键词： 栽培稻 PhyB基因单倍型开花时间多样性区域适应性　出处：《植物遗传资源学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：Phy 是在长日照条件下抑制水稻开花的关键基因,但目前对水稻PhyB基因的遗传基础还不清楚,研究其分子遗传机制,对于培育光周期适应性广的品种以及扩大水稻种植区域具有重要意义。本研究选择78份亚洲栽培稻(34份籼稻和44份粳稻)及47份野生稻进行测序,对Phy B基因的核苷酸多态性、单倍型进行分析,计算籼稻、粳稻和野生稻的遗传多样性。结果表明,Phy B基因共有28个单倍型,其中有2个高频率的单倍型分别存在于2个栽培稻亚种中。从Network图可以看出栽培稻分为2组(A组和B组),A组栽培稻包括全部的籼稻和4个粳稻个体,B组栽培稻全是粳稻品种。亲缘地理学分析发现,A、B两组栽培稻具有明显不同的地理分布格局,且A组和B组开花时间差异显著,说明Phy B基因的2个高频率单倍型在2个栽培稻亚种中具有区域适应性,Phy B基因在栽培稻中具有明显的驯化信号,随着水稻种植区域的扩大,进化出适应不同地域特有的等位基因,导致开花时间对不同地区的区域适应性及多样性。
[Abstract]:Phy is the key gene to inhibit the flowering of rice under the condition of long sunlight, but the genetic basis of PhyB gene in rice is not clear, so the molecular genetic mechanism of PhyB gene is studied. In this study, 78 Asian cultivated rice varieties (34 indica rice and 44 japonica rice) and 47 wild rice were sequenced and the nucleotide polymorphisms of Phy B gene were sequenced. The genetic diversity of indica, japonica and wild rice was calculated by haplotype analysis. Two high-frequency haplotypes were found in two cultivated rice subspecies, respectively. The Network map showed that the cultivated rice was divided into two groups: group A and group B, including all indica rice and four japonica rice individuals. It is a japonica rice variety. The genetic geography analysis shows that the two groups of cultivated rice have distinct geographical distribution pattern. There were significant differences in flowering time between group A and group B, which indicated that the two high frequency haplotypes of Phy B gene had obvious acclimation signal in two cultivated rice subspecies, and with the expansion of rice planting area, there were obvious acclimation signals in two cultivated rice subspecies. The alleles adapted to different regions resulted in the adaptability and diversity of flowering time to different regions.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程;中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31670211) 作物种质资源保护与共享(2060302) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100101)
【分类号】：S511

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