基于语义网络分析的转基因议题框架量化研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 01:37

  本文选题：转基因议题　切入点：框架分析　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：转基因技术和转基因食品安全问题属于风险社会的一个典型议题。不同的社会主体基于不同的利益视角探讨该话题,发展出多个议题框架。公众对转基因议题的讨论在一定程度上影响转基因公共政策议程,而媒介信息获取是公众对转基因态度形成过程中的重要因素,影响公众议题。近年来微信公众平台成为新闻消费的重要来源。基于微信公众平台,本文主要想研究两个方面的问题:一、公众关心转基因议题的哪些方面?二、不同媒体如何建构转基因议题框架?通过对这两方面问题的研究了解公众对转基因话题的信息诉求、媒体对转基因议题框架建构的倾向性、以及公众议题和媒介议题之间的差距,对政府和媒体如何充分利用微信公众平台进行科学传播,提高公众科学素养提出政策建议。本文主要由三个部分构成:首先建构计算机辅助的议题框架量化研究方法,以应对大数据时代的海量媒介信息下的框架分析;然后利用新建构的量化研究手段分别探讨微信公众平台转基因公众议题和不同媒体对转基因议题框架建构的差异。一、建构计算机辅助的议题框架量化研究方法。基于框架分析归纳模式,引入语义网络分析的方法,归纳总结文本的议题框架。首先,将整个采集的样本构建议题框架抽取的语料库。按照设定的标准提取核心词汇,基于共词分析,建构整个语料库的语义网络,并对语义网络进行聚类分析,获得语义集群。最后对集群进行人工编码,概括总结每个集群的议题框架,即可获得整体样本存在哪几类议题框架。在议题框架提取的基础上,引入Bag-of-words模型并进行改进,利用扩展的模型建立文档和框架之间的联系,从而获得不同议题框架在每个文档中的统计。本文建构的量化议题框架分析方法,能够高效客观地分析议题框架,克服信效度难以保证、分析效率低下等问题。二、基于语义网络分析,研究公众对转基因议题关心的方面。通过微信公众平台采集的824篇有关转基因议题的文章进行分析,探讨其有关转基因食品及作物的内容中所涉及的方面和偏向性,以可视化图像直观呈现其议题内容,公众关心的方面涉及转基因生物安全政策、食品标识政策、转基因食品辨别、转基因食品事件披露等多个议题,但是分布不均匀。公众对转基因相关科普知识比较关心,但是微信公众平台文章整体上质量不高,来自权威公众号的高质量文章数量也有限。微信科普需要加强建立权威科普公众号,扩大微信公众平台整体发文数量,提高文章质量,保障内容的科学性。三、基于语义网络和Bag-of-words模型提出的量化议题框架分析方法,比较中央主流媒体、生活服务媒体与科普类媒体对转基因不同议题框架的关注。研究表明,媒体对转基因报道的议题框架是多元化的,涉及六大议题框架:技术进步、科普、经济、社会影响、风险与安全管理、科学研究。不同类型的媒体对转基因议题进行报道呈现明显的议题偏向性,而公众往往只订阅部分媒体的微信公众号,接收到的信息可能存在片面性。受众面广的媒体尤其是央媒应该注重内容的多样化和平衡,保证受众能接收到全面信息。基于以上研究结果,对政府和媒体在微信公众平台进行科学传播给出政策建议:(1)建立关于转基因媒体报道和受众需求的平衡机制。政府和媒体要有针对性地进行议题建构,保障公众对转基因科学知识和信息的诉求得到满足。(2)加强对微信公众平台转基因谣言的管控,建立合理的谣言筛查和信息公布机制,维护良好的科学传播环境,提高公众科学素养。
[Abstract]:A typical issue of transgenic technology and genetically modified food safety problem belongs to the risk society. To explore the topic from the perspective of interests of different social subjects based on the development of a number of issues. The framework of public discussion of issues affecting transgenic transgenic public policy agenda to a certain extent, and the media information acquisition is an important factor in the formation of the public the attitude to GM, influence public issues. In recent years WeChat public platform has become an important source of news consumption. Based on the platform of WeChat public, this paper want to study the problem in two aspects: first, what aspects of public concern that transgenic issues? Two, different media how to construct the transgenic issue frame? Through research to understand the public on the two the problems on the topic of genetically modified information demands, tendency of media on the transgenic issue frame construction, and the public and the media on the issue The gap between the government and the media how to make full use of the WeChat platform for public science communication, put forward policy suggestions on how to improve the scientific literacy of the public. This paper mainly consists of three parts: the first construction issue frame quantitative research method of computer aided, to cope with the large number of times according to the analysis framework of mass media information; and then use the difference quantitative research means the new construction discusses WeChat public platform on public issues and different transgenic media construction of transgenic issue frame. A construction issue frame quantitative research method of computer aided analysis. The inductive model framework based on the method of introducing semantic network analysis, summarized issue frame text of the summary. First of all, the whole sample construction issue frame extraction to extract the core vocabulary corpus. In accordance with the standards set based on CO word analysis, construction of the whole corpus The semantic network, and the semantic network by clustering analysis of the semantic cluster. Finally, the artificial encoding of the cluster, each cluster summary summary issue frame, you can get the whole sample which a few issues. Based on the issue of frame extraction framework, Bag-of-words model is introduced and improved, the extended model is established between the document and the frame connection, so as to obtain statistics in each document in the framework of different issues. Quantitative analysis method to construct the framework of this issue, can objectively analyze the issues framework, overcome the validity analysis problem is difficult to guarantee, the efficiency is low. Two, semantic network analysis based on research on public issues concerned. Transgenic acquisition through WeChat public platform 824 papers on transgenic issues were analyzed, discussing its related content in crops and genetically modified food And the bias of the visual image show its topics of public concern, involving the security policy of genetically modified organisms, food labeling policy, to identify genetically modified food, genetically modified food events revealed a number of issues, but the distribution is not uniform. The public were concerned about genetically related scientific knowledge, but the whole WeChat public platform the quality is not high, but also a limited number of high quality articles from the authority of public number. WeChat science needs to strengthen the authority of science to establish the public, expand the overall number of WeChat issued a public platform, improve the quality, guarantee the scientific content. Three, proposed the framework of the semantic network and issues of quantitative analysis method based on Bag-of-words model, compared with the central mainstream media service life, media and popular science media attention on different issues. The framework of transgenic research shows that the media reports to GM Issue frame is diversified, relates to the framework of the six major issues: technological progress, science, economy, social impact, research on the risk and safety management science. Different types of media on GM topics reported significant issues of bias, WeChat public and the public tend to subscribe only part of the media, the received information may there is one sidedness. Wide audience media especially the central media should pay attention to content diversification and balance, ensure the audience can receive comprehensive information. Based on the above results, the government and the media in the WeChat platform for public dissemination of scientific policy recommendations: (1) establish a balance mechanism on genetically modified media reports and public demand.. the government and the media should be targeted for subject construction, safeguard public demands for transgenic scientific knowledge and information are met. (2) to strengthen the WeChat public platform that GM The management and control of the words, the establishment of a reasonable mechanism of rumor screening and information disclosure, the maintenance of a good scientific communication environment, and the improvement of public scientific literacy.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G206
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本文编号：1591216