大熊猫嗅觉受体基因家族的生物信息学分析

发布时间：2018-03-21 00:07

本文选题：大熊猫　切入点：嗅觉受体　出处：《四川动物》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：嗅觉受体(OR)在嗅觉系统识别气味的过程中起关键作用,哺乳动物OR蛋白由其最大的多基因家族编码。本研究深入分析了大熊猫Ailuropoda melanoleuca的OR基因家族,结果显示大熊猫有1 048个OR基因,包括645个完整基因、219个假基因和184个片段基因。大熊猫的OR基因根据序列相似性可划分为22个家族、240个亚家族,平均每个亚家族的成员不足5个,表明大熊猫的OR基因家族具有丰富的序列多样性。基于大熊猫、北极熊Ursus maritimus、家犬Canis lupus familiaris和小鼠Mus musculus的OR蛋白序列的多物种聚类分析显示它们具有267个直系同源基因簇,而大熊猫没有特有的OR基因,表明其嗅觉特异性不明显。大熊猫OR基因的数量明显比其近亲北极熊的少,显示其在进化过程中丢失了大量OR基因,这可能与其食性的显著改变有关。
[Abstract]:Olfactory receptor ORs play a key role in odour recognition in olfactory system, and mammalian OR protein is encoded by its largest polygene family. In this study, the OR gene family of giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca was analyzed. The results showed that the giant panda had 1,048 OR genes, including 645 complete genes, 219 pseudogenes and 184 fragment genes. The OR genes of the giant panda could be divided into 22 families and 240 subfamilies according to the sequence similarity. The average number of members of each subfamily is less than five, indicating that the OR gene family of the giant panda is rich in sequence diversity. Multispecies cluster analysis of OR protein sequences of polar bear Ursus maritimus, dog Canis lupus familiaris and mouse Mus musculus showed that they had 267 lineal homologous gene clusters, while giant pandas had no specific OR gene. The number of OR genes of giant panda is significantly lower than that of polar bear, which indicates that the giant panda has lost a large number of OR genes during its evolution, which may be related to the significant changes in its eating habits.
【作者单位】：四川大学生命科学学院;
【分类号】：Q953

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