氮肥用量对不同基因型啤酒大麦产量和品质的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 12:42

本文选题：啤酒大麦　切入点：氮肥　出处：《扬州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：氮肥施用与啤酒大麦籽粒产量、蛋白含量及麦芽品质密切相关。本文以江苏大麦生产上种植的10个二棱啤酒大麦品种为材料,在扬州大学实验农场和方强农场进行多环境氮肥试验,氮肥用量设Okg/hm2、75kg/hm2和150kg/hm2三个水平,成熟后对单株主要农艺性状和产量性状进行考种,并测定籽粒蛋白含量,利用微型麦芽制麦仪制麦,测定麦芽品质。结果如下：1.施氮量对籽粒产量及其构成因素的影响啤酒大麦的穗数与施氮量呈显著的正相关,随氮肥的增加呈上升趋势；千粒重与施氮量呈显著负相关,随氮肥的增加呈下降趋势；籽粒产量与施氮量呈二次曲线的关系,一定范围内,产量随施氮量的增加而升高,但施用较多氮肥在不利的气候条件下易大面积倒伏,造成减产。三次试验均以扬农啤5号产量最佳,其次是扬农啤7号。2.施氮量对大麦品质性状的影响啤酒大麦籽粒蛋白含量与施氮量呈极显著的正相关,随施氮量的增加籽粒蛋白含量迅速提高；糖化力和α-氨基氮随施氮量的增加而呈上升趋势,库尔巴哈值和浸出率随施氮量的增加而呈下降趋势。方差分析结果表明,糖化力、α-氨基氮和浸出率在环境间、氮水平间、基因型间、基因型与氮水平互作间的差异达显著水平；库尔巴哈值在环境间、基因型间和基因型与氮肥间的互作达极显著差异。3.参试品种产量和品质的最佳氮水平、适应性及稳定性扬农啤5号的丰产性、适应性与稳定性最好；苏啤3号的麦芽糖化力高、适应性与稳定性最好；苏啤6号适应性、稳定性最好；扬农啤4号在2014年和2015年扬州大学试验点表现出较好的适应性和稳定性,在2015年方强农场表现为较好的适应性,但稳定性较差；参试大麦α-氨基氮含量的最适氮水平、适应性与稳定性在不同试验点表现不一致。苏啤6号在150kg/hm2(NH)、Okg/hm2(NL)水平下,籽粒蛋白含量最高,且表现出较好的适应性和稳定性。4.参试大麦品种产量和品质形状的综合评价对各个参试大麦的产量性状和品质性状进行DTPOSIS综合评价发现,在施氮量为Okg/hm2和75kg/hm2时,苏啤3号和苏啤6号排名位于前两位；在施氮量为150kg/hm2时,综合排名第一的是苏啤3号,第二名的是扬农啤7号；在三个氮水平下,花30排名最后。
[Abstract]:Application of nitrogen fertilizer was closely related to grain yield, protein content and malt quality of malting barley. Ten two-rowed malting barley varieties planted in Jiangsu province were used as materials. A multi-environment nitrogen fertilizer experiment was conducted on Yangzhou University Experimental Farm and Fang Qiang Farm. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer was set at Okg / hm275kg / hm ~ 2 and 150kg/hm2 levels. After maturity, the main agronomic and yield characters per plant were tested and the grain protein content was measured. The wheat quality was determined by using micro-malt to make wheat. The results were as follows: 1. The effect of nitrogen application on grain yield and its components was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen application, and increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. There was a significant negative correlation between 1000-grain weight and nitrogen application amount, and a decreasing trend with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, and a quadratic curve between grain yield and nitrogen application rate. In a certain range, the yield increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. However, the application of more nitrogen fertilizer was easy to fall over a large area under unfavorable climatic conditions, resulting in a decrease in yield. The yield of YangnongBeer No. 5 was the best in the three experiments. Secondly, YangnongBeer No. 7 .2.The effect of nitrogen application amount on barley quality traits was significant positive correlation between grain protein content and nitrogen application rate, and increased rapidly with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The results of variance analysis showed that the saccharification ability, 伪 -amino nitrogen and leaching rate were between environment and nitrogen level, but the value of Kulbaha and leaching rate decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and the results of variance analysis showed that the saccharification ability, 伪 -amino nitrogen and leaching rate increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. There were significant differences between genotype and nitrogen level among genotypes, significant differences between environment, between genotypes and between genotypes and nitrogen fertilizer. The adaptability and stability of Yangnong Beer No. 5 are the best, the adaptability and stability of Yangnong Beer No. 5 are the best, the maltose ability of Su Beer No. 3 is high, the adaptability and stability is the best, the adaptability of Su Beer No. 6 is the best. YangnongBeer No. 4 showed better adaptability and stability in 2014 and 2015 at Yangzhou University experiment site, and better adaptability in 2015 on Fang Qiang Farm, but the stability was poor. At the level of 150 kg / hm ~ (2) NH ~ (2 +), the grain protein content of Subei No. 6 was the highest at the level of 150 kg / hm ~ (2) NH ~ (-1). And showed good adaptability and stability. 4. The comprehensive evaluation of yield and quality shape of barley varieties tested by DTPOSIS comprehensive evaluation of barley yield and quality traits found that when the nitrogen application amount was Okg/hm2 and 75kg/hm2. Su Beer No. 3 and Su Beer No. 6 were in the top two places; when the nitrogen application rate was 150kg/hm2, the comprehensive ranking was Su Beer No. 3, the second was Yangnong Beer No. 7, and under the three nitrogen levels, the flower 30 ranked last.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S512.31

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