盐胁迫条件下玉米萜类合成及水通道蛋白基因表达分析与生理生化特征研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 16:37

本文选题：玉米　切入点：耐盐　出处：《天津大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：土壤盐渍化是严重影响植物生长发育和作物的产量的非生物胁迫之一。玉米是世界上主要的粮食作物,培育优质、高产的耐盐玉米新品种是解决世界粮食问题的重要途径。本研究以玉米杂交种天塔五号及其父本(825)和母本(HOO-108)为实验材料,通过对其耐盐性和盐胁迫下差异表达基因的分析,探索玉米耐盐机理,从关键基因表达情况探究杂种优势,为植物分子抗逆育种提供理论依据。本研究利用不同浓度的NaCl溶液(0、100、200、400 mmol·L~(-1))处理玉米天塔五号及其父母本的种子和三叶期幼苗,比较种子发芽势和发芽指数以及株高、生物量、相对含水量等指标,分析天塔五号及其父母本的耐盐性。进一步测定200 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl胁迫条件下,天塔五号及其父母本三叶期幼苗的丙二醛、叶绿素、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和类胡萝卜素含量及光合速率。结果表明,天塔五号耐盐性显著优于父母本,并且天塔五号可能通过积累渗透调节物质和抗氧化物质,减轻盐胁迫对植物造成的损伤。分析盐胁迫条件下玉米转录组中杂交种天塔五号较父母本差异表达的130个基因,选择表达差异显著的萜类合成相关基因异戊二烯基转移酶基因、牦牛儿基牦牛儿基焦磷酸合成酶基因(GGPS4)、萜烯合酶基因(TPS2,TPS3)和水通道蛋白基因(PIP2-4,PIP1-6,NIP2-1,NIP1-1,TIP1-2,SIP2-1),进一步通过实时荧光定量PCR方法检测其在盐胁迫下的表达情况。结果表明,盐胁迫条件下,玉米萜类合成途径相关基因表达量先上升再下降,且在天塔五号中表达水平显著高于父母本;水通道蛋白基因在天塔五号和父母本中的表达具有显著差异。研究表明,盐胁迫条件下,萜类合成途径相关基因及水通道蛋白基因参与玉米对盐胁迫的响应,并且有助于提高杂交种天塔五号抵御逆境胁迫的能力。
[Abstract]:Soil salinization is one of abiotic stresses that seriously affect plant growth and crop yield.Maize is the main food crop in the world. It is an important way to solve the world food problem to cultivate new varieties of salt tolerant corn with high quality and high yield.In this study, the maize hybrid Tianta 5 and its male parent HY825) and female parent HOO-108) were used as experimental materials. Through the analysis of the differentially expressed genes under salt tolerance and salt stress, the mechanism of salt tolerance in maize was explored, and the heterosis was explored from the expression of key genes.To provide theoretical basis for molecular stress resistance breeding of plants.In this study, the seeds and trefoil seedlings of Maize Tianta 5 and their parents were treated with different concentrations of NaCl solution (0100200400 mmol / L). The germination potential and germination index, plant height, biomass and relative water content were compared.The results showed that under salt stress, the expression of genes related to terpenoid pathway in maize increased first and then decreased, and the expression level in Tianta 5 was significantly higher than that in parent.There were significant differences in the expression of aquaporin gene between Tianta 5 and parents.The results showed that terpene synthesis pathway related genes and aquaporin genes were involved in the response of maize to salt stress under salt stress, and it was helpful to improve the resistance ability of the hybrid Tianta 5 to stress stress.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S513

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