植物磷转运蛋白基因的研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:31

本文选题：磷转运蛋白　切入点：磷酸盐　出处：《生态环境学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：磷作为植物细胞核酸,是脂质、ATP、ADP、糖类的重要组成部分,在细胞的代谢活动、酶的调控反应以及信号级联中起着至关重要的作用。虽然土壤中含有大量的磷元素,但是土壤的吸附作用会使磷素转化为植物无法有效吸收和利用的形式。磷转运蛋白(phosphate transporter)作为一种对磷具有亲和力的转运蛋白,能够调节植物对磷的吸收和转运,对提高植物磷利用率具有重要作用。文章结合了国内外近年来有关植物磷转运蛋白的研究结果,从PHT基因家族及成员、PHT基因表达的定位、PHT基因的分子调控机制以及PHT基因在植物中的生物学功能等方面比较全面系统地综述了PHT基因的最新研究状况,并对此进行了展望。尽管在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)中人们已经对PHT基因有了一定的认识,但仍只处于初步阶段,还有部分的家族成员如PHT3和PHT4的分子调控机制仍有待进一步探究,以确定它们的生理功能并评价它们作为生物技术工具的潜力。目前研究较多的PHT1家族仍需要补充更多研究。在研究过程中也出现了一些值得深入探究的问题,如PHT基因的功能冗余现象以及PHT基因与AM共生分子调节机制等。同时,PHT基因对其他磷响应基因也有一定影响,其中的关系也值得探究,从而全面提高植物中磷吸收和转运的效率,以期为正在开展或即将开展相关研究的科研工作者提供有益的参考。
[Abstract]:Phosphorus, as a plant cell nucleic acid, is an important component of lipid ATP ADP. it plays an important role in cell metabolism, enzyme regulation and signal cascade.Although there is a large amount of phosphorus in the soil, the adsorption of the soil will result in the transformation of phosphorus into a form that plants can not effectively absorb and utilize.Phosphate transporter, a phosphate transporter with affinity for phosphorus, can regulate the absorption and transport of phosphorus in plants and play an important role in improving the phosphorus utilization efficiency of plants.This paper combines the research results of plant phosphorus transporter at home and abroad in recent years.In this paper, the molecular regulation mechanism of PHT gene expression and the biological function of PHT gene in plants are reviewed comprehensively and systematically, and the latest research status of PHT gene is also discussed.Although the PHT gene has been known in Arabidopsis thaliana, it is still at a preliminary stage, and the molecular regulatory mechanisms of some family members, such as PHT3 and PHT4, need to be further explored.To determine their physiological functions and evaluate their potential as biotechnology tools.At present, more research is needed in the PHT1 family.In the process of research, some problems need to be explored, such as the functional redundancy of PHT gene and the regulation mechanism of PHT gene and AM symbiotic molecule.At the same time, PHT gene also has some influence on other phosphorus-responsive genes, and the relationship between them is also worth exploring, so as to improve the efficiency of phosphorus absorption and transport in plants.In order to provide a useful reference for the researchers who are carrying out or about to carry out related research.
【作者单位】：云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院;云南农业大学食品科技学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31460367) 云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(2016KJTX003) 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201610676009)
【分类号】：Q943.2

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