扬州地区宠物源大肠杆菌耐药性分析及耐药基因检测

发布时间：2018-04-11 22:40

本文选题：宠物源大肠杆菌 + 耐药性　；参考：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大肠杆菌是人医和兽医临床上最常见的病原菌之一,其感染给人类的健康和畜牧业的发展造成了严重的损害,抗菌药物的使用是防治大肠杆菌感染的重要措施。但是,随着宠物源大肠杆菌耐药性的发展,不仅使抗菌药达不到临床治疗的效果,其携带的耐药基因还能够在人和动物之间水平传播,严重危害公共卫生安全。为了了解宠物源大肠杆菌耐药基因流行状况,本研究对扬州地区宠物源大肠杆菌主要耐药基因携带情况进行了调查,分析了大肠杆菌几种常见耐药基因的流行情况及氟苯尼考floR基因的传播机制,旨在为临床控制宠物源大肠杆菌耐药性传播提供理论依据。本研究对在扬州地区临床分离获得的226株宠物源大肠杆菌菌株进行体外抑菌试验,结果表明,氨基糖苷类药物中链霉素的耐药率最高达35.84%,其次是庆大霉素(28.32%)、阿米卡星耐药率最低(6.19%);β-内酰胺类药物中氨苄西林耐药率最高(72.12%),其次是阿莫西林(59.73%)、头孢喹肟(48.23%)、头孢曲松(44.25%)、头孢噻呋:21.68%,未发现对美罗培南耐药菌株;氟喹诺酮类药物中恩诺沙星耐药率为21.68%;多肽类药物硫酸粘杆菌素为23.45%;四环素类中四环素为64.60%,多西环素为36.73%;酰胺醇类中氟苯尼考为59.29%,氯霉素为32.30%;磷霉素仅4.42%,耐药率最低。多重耐药现象严重达到87.5%,其中耐4种和7种药物最多,分别占总数的12.83%,有两株同时耐13种药物。利用PCR方法对226株宠物源大肠杆菌的氨基糖苷类、β-内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类和氟苯尼考floR四类耐药基因进行检测,检出率分别为:氨基糖苷类31.42%,β-内酰胺类94.69%,氟喹诺酮类8.8%,氟苯尼考floR 74.34%,其中β-内酰胺类耐药基因检出率最高。对大肠杆菌耐药基因型与耐药表型符合率进行比较,发现本研究中的宠物源大肠杆菌耐药基因型和耐药表型并不完全一致,推测可能是有其他耐药机制存在或未知原因造成。对168株含氟苯尼考floR基因的大肠杆菌进行接合试验,接合率达58.33%。药物敏感性试验发现98株接合子对氟苯尼考的MIC值比受体菌高,而比供体菌MIC降低,并且接合子对其他药物的MIC值也发生了改变。
[Abstract]:E. coli is one of the most common pathogenic bacteria in human medicine and veterinary clinic. Its infection has caused serious damage to human health and the development of animal husbandry. The use of antimicrobial agents is an important measure to prevent and cure the infection of Escherichia coli.However, with the development of drug resistance in pet Escherichia coli, the antimicrobial drugs not only can not reach the clinical therapeutic effect, but also can transmit drug resistance genes between human and animals, seriously endangering public health safety.In order to understand the prevalence of drug resistance genes in Escherichia coli from pets, this study investigated the main drug resistance genes of Escherichia coli from pets in Yangzhou.The prevalence of several common drug resistant genes in E. coli and the transmission mechanism of florfenicol floR gene were analyzed in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical control of the spread of drug resistance of Escherichia coli from pet sources.In this study, 226 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from Yangzhou were tested in vitro.Ceftiofuroxime: 21.68 was not found to be resistant to meropenem.The resistance rate of enrofloxacin in fluoroquinolones was 21.68; that of polypeptide drugs was 23.4545.The tetracycline was 64.60 and doxycycline was 36.73; florfenicol was 59.29 in amide alcohols and chloramphenicol was 32.30; fosfomycin was only 4.42 and the resistance rate was the lowest.The phenomenon of multidrug resistance was severe up to 87.5%, of which 4 and 7 drugs were the most resistant, accounting for 12.833% of the total respectively, and two strains were resistant to 13 drugs at the same time.The aminoglycosides, 尾 -lactams, fluoroquinolones and florfenicol floR resistant genes of 226 strains of Escherichia coli from pets were detected by PCR method.The detectable rates were: aminoglycoside 31.42, 尾 lactam 94.69, fluoroquinolones 8.8, florfenicol floR 74.34, among which 尾 -lactam resistance gene was the highest.The coincident rates of drug resistance genotype and phenotype of Escherichia coli were compared. It was found that the drug resistance genotype and phenotype of pet origin Escherichia coli were not completely consistent, which suggested that there might be other drug resistance mechanisms or unknown reasons.The fusion rate of 168strains of Escherichia coli containing florfenicol floR gene was 58.33%.The drug sensitivity test showed that the MIC value of 98 conjugates to florfenicol was higher than that of recipient bacteria, but lower than that of donor strain MIC, and the MIC value of the conjugate to other drugs was also changed.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S852.612

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