30个重要小麦生产品种抗叶锈性基因分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 12:16

本文选题：小麦叶锈病 + 基因推导　；参考：《中国农业科学》2017年02期

【摘要】：【目的】小麦叶锈病是影响中国小麦产量的重要病害之一,培育持久抗病品种可以经济、有效地控制该病害。论文通过基因推导结合系谱分析、分子标记及成株抗病鉴定对小麦生产品种中抗病基因进行鉴定,从而确定小麦品种中所携带的抗病基因。【方法】选用18个小麦叶锈菌菌系(PHGQ、THJT、PHJT、KHJS、PHJS、THTT?、KHHT、FHRT、FHJQ、PHTT、THTT?、PHTT、FHTR、FHHT?、FHHT?、TGGT、FHTT、FGMT)接种36个已知抗叶锈病基因载体品种和中国的30个小麦生产品种进行苗期抗叶锈病基因推导,进一步利用9个与已知抗病基因紧密连锁的特异性标记进行标记检测,同时系谱分析法确定供试小麦品种中所携带的已知抗叶锈病基因。为了鉴定小麦品种的成株抗性基因,在2014—2015和2015—2016年度将30个小麦品种、慢锈对照品种SAAR和感病对照品种郑州5389种植于河北农业大学小麦试验田和河南周口黄泛区农场试验田,田间用混合生理小种(FHRT、THTT、THJT)接种进行成株抗叶锈性鉴定,进一步运用软件IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0进行方差分析(ANOVA),根据苗期与成株期的侵染型排除具有主效抗性基因的品种,将田间最终严重度(当达到发病高峰时调查的严重度为最终严重度,final disease severity,FDS)明显小于或与慢锈对照SAAR无显著差异的作为慢锈品种,从而筛选出表现慢锈的小麦品种。【结果】基因推导、系谱分析结合标记检测结果表明,30个小麦生产品种中有4个品种(鄂恩5号、鄂麦14、陕229和西农979)含有抗病基因Lr1,10个品种(鄂恩1号、鄂恩5号、鄂恩6号、贵农16、陕225、陕354、陕715、陕合6号、陕麦509和陕农7859)携带有抗病基因Lr26,2个品种(陕225和小偃81)经分子标记检测含有慢锈抗病基因Lr46,另外还有3个品种(西农979、陕229和贵农16)可能含有基因Lr13,所有供试品种均不含Lr9、Lr10、Lr19、Lr20、Lr24和Lr34抗病基因。根据2年2点的田间抗叶锈病鉴定筛选出18个表现慢锈的品种,且方差分析结果表明各品种间和地点间差异均极显著,年份间差异显著,品种与地点间、品种与年份间差异均极显著,而品种与重复间和重复间均不显著,这表明小麦叶锈病抗性的表达受基因型和环境互作共同影响。【结论】30个小麦品种中共检测到Lr1、Lr26、Lr13和Lr46等4个抗叶锈病基因,其中Lr46为成株抗病基因,通过田间抗性鉴定共检测出18个品种可能携带成株慢锈基因,所有慢锈材料中可能含有未知成株抗叶锈病基因,需要进一步进行遗传鉴定。
[Abstract]:[Objective] wheat leaf rust is one of the most important diseases that affect the yield of wheat in China. The cultivation of persistent disease resistant varieties can be economically and effectively control the disease. This paper identifies the disease base factors in Wheat Varieties by genetic deduction, pedigree analysis, molecular markers and adult strain resistance identification, so as to determine the carrying capacity of wheat varieties. [Methods] 18 wheat leaf rust strains (PHGQ, THJT, PHJT, KHJS, PHJS, THTT?, KHHT, FHRT, FHJQ, PHTT, THTT?) inoculated 36 known resistant gene vector varieties and 30 wheat varieties in China to carry out seedling resistance gene derivation of leaf rust, further utilization of 9 and already In order to identify the plant resistance genes of wheat varieties, 30 wheat varieties, SAAR of slow rust control variety SAAR and Zhengzhou susceptible control variety, Zhengzhou, and the susceptible variety of susceptible varieties in order to identify the plant resistance genes of wheat varieties. 5389 planted in the wheat test field of Agricultural University of Hebei and the experimental field of Zhoukou yellow pan farm in Zhoukou, Henan, the field was inoculated with mixed physiological races (FHRT, THTT, THJT) to identify the leaf rust resistance of adult plants, and the software IBM SPSS Statistics 19 was further used for the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the main effect resistance was ruled out according to the infection type of the seedling stage and the adult stage. The variety of the gene, the final severity of the field (the severity of the investigation when it reached the peak, the final disease severity, FDS) was significantly less than or with the slow rust control SAAR as a slow rust variety, thus screening the slow rust wheat varieties. [results] gene deduction, pedigree analysis and labeling detection The results showed that 4 of the 30 wheat varieties (een 5, Hubei 14, Shaanxi 229 and Xi Nong 979) contained Lr1,10 varieties of disease resistance genes (een 1, een 5, Huan 6, 16, Shaanxi 225, Shaanxi 354, Shaanxi 715, Shaanxi Gansu Province, Shaanxi Wheat and Shaanxi agriculture). It contains the slow rust resistance gene Lr46, and the other 3 varieties (Xi Nong 979, Shaanxi 229 and Guizhou 16) may contain gene Lr13. All the tested varieties do not contain Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr20, Lr24 and Lr34 resistance genes. 18 varieties of slow rust were screened according to the field resistance of 2 years 2 points, and the analysis of variance showed that the variety and location of the varieties. The differences were significant, the differences were significant between the varieties and sites, and there was no significant difference between varieties and years, but there was no significant difference between variety and repetition and repetition. This indicates that the expression of resistance to wheat leaf rust is affected by genotype and environment interaction. [Conclusion] 30 Wheat Varieties have detected 4 resistance to Lr1, Lr26, Lr13 and Lr46. The leaf rust gene, in which Lr46 is a strain resistant gene, can be detected by field resistance identification and 18 varieties may carry slow rust genes. All slow rust materials may contain unknown adult leaf rust resistance genes, which need further genetic identification.

【作者单位】：河北农业大学农学院/华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室;河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心;保定学院生物化学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31361140367,31571662) 河北省应用基础研究计划重点基础研究项目(11960145D) 河北省高等学校自然科学研究项目(QN2016316)
【分类号】：S512.1

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