转SPDS基因马铃薯植株耐寒性的研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:35

  本文选题：马铃薯 + 耐寒性　； 参考：《湖南农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国马铃薯一年四季均有种植,种植地域广泛。生产中马铃薯常遭受低温胁迫的危害,特别是对南方冬种马铃薯影响较大。该论文分别以主要马铃薯栽培品种大西洋和东农303为对照,以导入亚精胺合成酶基因(SPDS)的01-6、01-47、01-49、和02-42、02-57、02-72株系为供试材料,研究了转SPDS马铃薯植株农艺性状表现、光合活性变化、耐寒性的变化,以及供试材料生理指标变化。主要结果如下：1转SPDS基因马铃薯农艺性状评价通过观测转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的田间性状得出,所有供试的转SPDS基因马铃薯植株在株高、茎粗、叶片数(片)、枝节数(个)等方面较优于对照马铃薯植株。通过对转SPDS基因马铃薯进行主要品质成分分析得出,01-6、01-47和02-42的主要品质成分与对照马铃薯无明显差异。2低温胁迫对转SPDS基因马铃薯植株光合活性的影响通过测定低温胁迫期间转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率可知：01-47、01-49、02-42、02-57和02-72的叶绿素含量均高于对照马铃薯植株。转SPDS基因植株的净光合速率高于对照马铃薯植株,转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的气孔导度大于对照马铃薯植株,转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的胞间CO2浓度低于对照马铃薯植株,转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的蒸腾速率高于未对照马铃薯植株。可以说明：转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的光合活性强于对照马铃薯植株。3转SPDS马铃薯植株耐寒性的检测通过测定在不同低温下转SPDS基因马铃薯植株的离体叶片的电导率可知,转SPDS基因马铃薯在低温胁迫下的相对电导率上升较对照马铃薯缓慢,01-6、01-47和01-49在-4℃相对电导率超过50%,较对照低了1℃。02-42、02-57在-4℃时相对电导率超过50%,较对照低了1℃。由此分析转SPDS马铃薯植株的半致死温度LT50得出,转SPDS基因马铃薯的半致死温度均低于对照马铃薯植株,其耐寒性优于对照。4低温胁迫对转SPDS基因马铃薯植株生理指标的影响通过测定低温胁迫期间转SPDS基因马铃薯植株丙二醛(MDA)的含量、游离脯氨酸含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性的变化得出：转SPDS基因马铃薯01-49和02-42的丙二醛(MDA)含量在低温胁迫下低于对照马铃薯植株。转SPDS基因马铃薯01-47、01-49、02-42和02-57的游离脯氨酸含量在低温胁迫期间高于对照马铃薯植株。所有供试的转SPDS基因马铃薯的过化物歧化酶(POD)活性在低温胁迫期间高于对照马铃薯植株。转SPDS马铃薯01-6、01-47、02-42和02-57的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在低温胁迫期间高于对照马铃薯植株。
[Abstract]:Potato is planted all year round in our country, and the planting area is wide. Potato is often damaged by low temperature stress, especially the southern winter potato. In this paper, the main potato cultivar Atlantic and Dongnong 303 were used as control, and the lines 01-6C01-47DS-01-49and 02-42C02-57G02-72 introduced spermidine synthase gene (SPDS), respectively, were used to study the agronomic characters and the changes of photosynthetic activity of potato plants transformed with SPDS. The changes of cold tolerance and physiological indexes of the tested materials. The main results were as follows: 1. The agronomic characters of potato transformed with SPDS gene were evaluated. By observing the field characters of potato plants with SPDS gene, the results showed that all the transgenic potato plants with SPDS gene were at plant height and stem diameter. The number of leaves and branches were better than that of the control potato. By analyzing the main quality components of transgenic potato with SPDS gene, it is concluded that there is no significant difference between the main quality components of C01-6Y01-47 and 02-42 and that of control potato. 2 the effect of low temperature stress on photosynthetic activity of transgenic potato plants with SPDS gene was determined. Chlorophyll content of potato plants transformed with SPDS gene during temperature stress, Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate showed that the chlorophyll contents of 01-47C01-49C02-57 and 02-72 were higher than those of the control potato plants. The net photosynthetic rate of the transgenic potato plants with SPDS gene was higher than that of the control plants, the stomatal conductance of the transgenic potato plants with SPDS gene was higher than that of the control potato plants, and the intercellular CO2 concentration of the transgenic potato plants with SPDS gene was lower than that of the control potato plants. The transpiration rate of transgenic potato with SPDS gene was higher than that of potato without control. It can be concluded that the photosynthetic activity of transgenic potato plants with SPDS gene is stronger than that of control potato plants. 3. The detection of cold tolerance of potato plants transferred with SPDS gene can be seen by measuring the electrical conductivity of leaves of potato plants transferred with SPDS gene at different low temperatures. The relative electrical conductivity of transgenic potato with SPDS gene increased more than 50 at -4 鈩，

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