大豆油脂合成基因家族的适应性进化研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 22:10

本文选题：大豆 + 油脂合成　；参考：《华北理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的对大豆和拟南芥、苜蓿、百脉根、番茄、葡萄6个双子叶植物的全基因组进行比较基因组学系统发育分析,确定油脂合成基因家族,大豆油脂合成基因受环境的选择情况,发生基因丢失和基因置换进行遗传重组,探索大豆油脂合成基因家族的适应性进化规律。方法以大豆、拟南芥、苜蓿、百脉根、番茄、葡萄为研究对象,同源比对搜索确定油脂合成基因家族成员,构建系统发育树。利用共线性分析软件对物种基因内、物种间的同源染色体片段进行推断,结合同源基因组结构分析,确定多倍化产生的重复基因片段。对油脂合成基因进行正选择分析、基因置换分析,结合多倍化产生的重复基因的特征,推断该基因家族适应性进化与多倍化的关系。结果在大豆、拟南芥、苜蓿、百脉根、番茄、葡萄中筛选4215个油脂合成基因,其中大豆有1259个基因。基因组同源结构分析,发现大豆自身、大豆和其他5个物种存在大量的DNA重复片段;大豆1259个油脂合成基因中有16.68%的基因参与基因转换,80.04%的基因处于全基因组加倍的共线性区。正选择分析结果表明,大豆中的部分油脂合成基因受到了正选择影响。结论基因组加倍事件产生的重复基因为家族进化提供遗传基础,油脂合成基因在不同程度上受到了正选择,以此更好的适应环境。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the whole genomes of soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana, alfalfa, vermilion root, tomato and grape in order to determine the gene family of oil synthesis and the selection of soybean oil biosynthesis gene by environment. Genetic recombination of gene loss and gene exchange was carried out to explore the adaptive evolution of soybean oil biosynthesis gene family. Methods Soybean, Arabidopsis thaliana, alfalfa, vermilion root, tomato and grape were used as research objects. Homology comparison search was used to identify the members of oil synthesis gene family and to construct phylogenetic tree. The homologous chromosomal fragments within and between species genes were inferred by co-linear analysis software, and the repeat gene fragments produced by polyploidy were determined with homologous genomic structure analysis. The relationship between adaptive evolution and polyploidy of the gene family was inferred by positive selection analysis, gene replacement analysis, and the characteristics of repeat genes produced by polyploidy. Results 4215 genes of oil synthesis were screened in soybean, Arabidopsis thaliana, alfalfa, vermilion root, tomato and grape, among which there were 1259 genes in soybean. A large number of DNA repeats were found in soybean itself, soybean and other 5 species, and 16.68% of the 1259 genes involved in gene transformation were found to be in the colinear region of the whole genome doubling. The results of positive selection analysis showed that some oil synthesis genes in soybean were affected by positive selection. Conclusion the duplicates produced by genome doubling events provide the genetic basis for family evolution, and the genes of oil synthesis are selected in different degrees, so that they can adapt to the environment better.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：Q943.2

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