绵羊透明带蛋白3（ZP3）基因的变异及其与海拔、产羔数的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 00:39

本文选题：ZP3 + 绵羊　；参考：《华中农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究主要是研究ZP3基因的变异与海拔及产羔数的关系,探讨ZP3基因在物种间的进化以及在绵羊群体间的选择类型,寻找ZP3基因与高繁殖力相关的SNP位点,为绵羊的选育工作提供理论参考。选择9个不同海拔高度的绵羊群体(高原型藏羊、欧拉型藏羊、山谷型藏羊、乌珠穆沁羊、苏尼特羊、滩羊、广灵大尾羊、小尾寒羊和湖羊)作为试验材料,采用混合样测序技术检测绵羊群体内ZP3基因的SNP位点,用直接测序法对其进行分型,对这些位点的基因频率、基因型频率与海拔进行关联分析;对15个物种的ZP3基因进行系统发生关系、基因相似性及物种间进化分析;对9个绵羊群体内检测到的ZP3基因的SNP位点进行群体受选择状况分析;收集整理158只湖羊的产羔数据,分析SNP位点基因型、连锁区单倍型及双倍型与产羔数的关系。研究结果表明:1.ZP3基因在15个物种间的正选择检验表明ZP3受到强烈的正选择。模型M2a朴素贝叶斯方法(NEB)检测发现ZP3基因不存在正选择位点,经验贝叶斯方法(BEB)检测发现ZP3基因存在3个正选择位点(364V、371S、372T)。模型M8朴素贝叶斯方法(NEB)检测发现ZP3基因存在83个正选择位点,其中有7个后验概率显著的正选择位点(344Q、364V、371S、372T、374A、399T、401L,P0.95);经验贝叶斯方法(BEB)检测发现ZP3基因存在8个正选择位点(344Q、364V、371S、372T、374A、399T、401L、402P)。这些氨基酸正选择位点大部分位于精卵特异性识别区域内。2.利用混合样测序法在绵羊ZP3基因上共检测到20个SNP位点,其中10个位于内含子区域,10个位于外显子区域。g.78TC、g.195GA、g.2293CT、g.7576CT是同义突变,g.259AC和g.7610GA是非同义突变。3.检测9个绵羊群体ZP3基因序列的差异,利用Lositan对绵羊群体ZP3的SNP位点进行种内进化状况的分析,结果表明平均分化系数为0.038,说明只有3.8%的的变异是由群体间产生的,97.2%的变异是由各群体内产生的。只有g.2046GA和g.7576CT受到了强烈的正选择作用,其余位点处于中性选择。4.9个群体ZP3基因SNP位点的等位基因频率与海拔进行关联结果表明:g.7202AG的等位基因A与海拔显著正相关,等位基因G与海拔显著负相关;g.9438GC的等位基因G与海拔显著正相关,等位基因C与海拔显著负相关。基因型频率与海拔进行关联分析,结果表明:g.7179GT的GG基因型与海拔显著正相关,GT基因型与海拔极显著负相关;g.7202AG的AA基因型与海拔显著正相关,AG基因型与海拔极显著负相关;g.9438GC的GG基因型与海拔显著正相关,GC基因型与海拔显著负相关。5.对湖羊群体SNP基因型、3个连锁区块的单倍型及双倍型分别与湖羊第1和第2胎产羔数进行关联分析,结果表明:位点g.328GA与第1胎产羔数显著相关(P0.05),基因型GA比GG的产羔数高出1.15个;g.7342AG与产羔数显著相关(P0.05),基因型AG比基AA的产羔数高出0.66个。SNP基因型与第二胎的关联结果均不显著(P0.05)。SNP单倍型、双倍型与第一、二胎的关联结果均不显著(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between the variation of ZP3 gene and altitude and litter size, to explore the evolution of ZP3 gene among species and the selection type among sheep populations, and to search for the SNP site of ZP3 gene associated with high fecundity. To provide a theoretical reference for the breeding of sheep. Nine sheep populations with different elevations (plateau Tibetan sheep, Euler Tibetan sheep, valley Tibetan sheep, Wuzhimuqin sheep, Sunita sheep, Tan sheep, Guangling large tail sheep, small tail Han sheep and Hu sheep) were selected as experimental materials. The SNP loci of ZP3 gene in sheep population were detected by mixed sample sequencing, and the gene frequency, genotype frequency and altitude of these loci were analyzed by direct sequencing. The phylogenetic relationship, genetic similarity and evolution among species of ZP3 genes of 15 species were analyzed, and the population selection status of SNP loci of ZP3 gene detected in 9 sheep populations were analyzed, and the lambing data of 158 Hu sheep were collected and sorted. The relationship between SNP locus genotype, linkage haplotype and litter size was analyzed. The results showed that: 1. The positive selection test of ZP3 gene in 15 species showed that ZP3 was strongly positively selected. Model M2a naive Bayesian method (NEB) found that there were no positive selection sites in ZP3 gene, and three positive selection sites were found in ZP3 gene by empirical Bayesian method. Model M8 naive Bayesian method (neb) showed that there were 83 positive selection sites in ZP3 gene, among which 7 positive selection sites with significant posttest probability were identified as 344QN 364V ~ 371S ~ 372T ~ 374A ~ (374A) ~ (374A) ~ (399T) ~ 401L ~ (0.95L), and ZP3 gene (n = 8) was found to have 8 positive selection loci 344Q ~ (364V) ~ 371T ~ (372T) ~ (374A) ~ (399T) ~ (401T) ~ (402P). Most of these amino acid positive selection sites are located in the sperm-egg specific recognition region. A total of 20 SNP loci were detected in sheep ZP3 gene by mixed sample sequencing, of which 10 were located in intron region and 10 were located in exon region .g.78TCng. 195GAG. 2293CT.7576CT was synonymous mutation. 259AC and g.7610GA were non-synonymous mutations. 3. The differences of ZP3 gene sequences in 9 sheep populations were detected. The SNP loci of ZP3 in sheep populations were analyzed by Lositan. The results showed that the average differentiation coefficient was 0.038, indicating that only 3.8% of the variation was caused by population variation. Only g.2046GA and g.7576CT were strongly positively selected. The allele frequencies of SNP locus of ZP3 gene in the other loci in neutral selection population were correlated with altitude. The results showed that the allele A of 1. 7 g. 7202 AG was significantly positively correlated with altitude. Allele G was significantly negatively correlated with altitude, allele G was positively correlated with altitude, and allele C was negatively correlated with altitude. Genotype frequency was correlated with altitude. The results showed that the GG genotype of G. 7179GT was significantly positively correlated with the altitude and the AA genotype of G. 7202 AG was significantly negatively correlated with the altitude and the GG genotype of G. 9438GC was significantly negative correlated with the altitude. There was a significant negative correlation between GC genotype and altitude. The SNP genotypes, haplotypes and diplotypes of three linkage blocks were correlated with the first and second litter size of Hu sheep, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between g.328GA locus and litter size in the first trimester. The number of lambs of genotype GA was 1.15 g 路7342 AG higher than that of GG, and the number of lambs of genotype AG was 0.66 higher than that of AA, and the association between genotype AG and second litter was higher than that of GG. The results showed that the haplotypes of P0.05 and SNP were not significant. The results of correlation between diplotypes and first and second births were not significant (P 0.05).
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S826

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