华南6水系与澜沧江-湄公河攀鲈线粒体ND2基因的遗传多样性分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 02:27

本文选题：攀鲈 + 遗传多样性　；参考：《南方水产科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：测定了中国华南6水系及澜沧江(云南勐腊)-湄公河流域(柬埔寨洞里萨湖)的125尾攀鲈(Anabas testudineus)线粒体部分ND2基因1 010 bp序列,分析发现39个变异位点和12个单倍型,总遗传多样性较低(h=0.369,π=0.003 8),推测可能经历过严重的瓶颈效应;中国攀鲈群体遗传多样性更低(h=0.282,π=0.000 4),处于边缘区的中国攀鲈群体是造成低遗传多样性的主要原因。在单倍型网络图中柬埔寨和中国攀鲈各自聚类,具有明显地理结构和谱系结构,推测地质运动和气候变化导致基因交流受阻所致。核苷酸错配图和中性检验表明中国群体经历过种群扩张,时间约为(5.94~4.13)万年前。华南水系群体间基因交流通畅,不存在明显分化;但与云南澜沧江群体间分化大而显著(FST=0.775,P0.01),AMOVA分析显示变异主要来自组群间(77.41%),推测二者分化时间约为(4.0~2.8)万年前,云南群体受末次冰期的影响,基因交流受阻而出现分化。中国群体和柬埔寨群体可作为2个管理单位进行保护;就中国群体而言,韩江水系群体遗传多样性最高,建议优先保护;澜沧江与华南水系间群体分化显著且遗传多样性极低,建议对澜沧江水系群体进行保护,以避免种质资源灭绝。
[Abstract]:The mitochondrial ND2 gene of Anabas Testudineus in 6 drainage systems of South China and Lancang River (Lake Donglisa, Cambodia) was determined. 39 mutation sites and 12 haplotypes were found. The total genetic diversity was 0.369, 蟺 ~ 0.003 ~ 8 ~ 8, which may have experienced severe bottleneck effect, and the genetic diversity of Chinese climbing perch population was lower than 0.282, 蟺 ~ (0.000) 4m, and the main reason of low genetic diversity was the Chinese climbing perch population in the marginal area. In the haplotype network map, Cambodian and Chinese climbing perch have distinct geographical structure and pedigree structure respectively. It is speculated that geological movement and climate change lead to blocked gene exchange. The nucleotide mismatch map and neutral test showed that the population in China had experienced population expansion with a time of about 5.94 to 4.13 million years ago. There was no obvious differentiation between the populations of southern China and Lancang River, but the AMOVA analysis showed that the variation was mainly from 77.41% of different groups, and the time of differentiation between the two populations was about 4.0 ~ 2.8) ten thousand years ago, there was a significant difference between the populations of Lancang River and Yunnan Province, but the AMOVA analysis showed that the difference between the two populations was significant, and the variation was mainly due to the variation of 77.41%, which was estimated to be about 4.0% 2. 8 years ago. Yunnan population was affected by the last glacial period and gene exchange was blocked and differentiated. The Chinese population and the Cambodian population can be protected as two management units; for the Chinese population, the Han River population has the highest genetic diversity and priority should be given to protection; the population differentiation between Lancang River and South China is significant and the genetic diversity is very low. In order to avoid extinction of germplasm resources, the population of Lancang River system should be protected.
【作者单位】：暨南大学水生生物研究中心热带亚热带水生态工程教育部工程研究中心;广州市水务科学研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41071034) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(21613105) 广州市科技计划项目(201508020104)
【分类号】：S917.4

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