青海育成小麦5个主效矮秆基因的分子检测

发布时间：2018-06-04 09:39

本文选题：青海小麦 + 矮秆基因　；参考：《植物遗传资源学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：为系统了解青海小麦矮秆基因的分布特点,并进一步为青海高原小麦的株高育种提供优异种质资源。本研究利用5个矮秆基因的特异性分子标记对82份青海小麦品种资源中的矮秆基因进行了检测,并对不同矮秆基因的降秆效应进行了分析。结果表明:82份青海育成小麦品种中有49份材料至少含有一个矮秆基因,其中Rht-B1b的分布频率最高,约占参试材料的28.0%,其次是分布频率为23.2%的Rht8基因,而矮秆基因Rht-D1b、Rht5以及Rht12的分布频率分别为9.8%、13.4%、9.8%。在49份含有不同种类矮秆基因的材料中,其中16份材料同时含有2种及以上的矮秆基因,即RhtB1b和Rht8、Rht-D1b和Rht8、Rht-B1b和Rht5、Rht-D1b和Rht5、Rht8和Rht5、Rht-B1b和Rht12、Rht5和Rht12,并未发现同时含有矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的品种;2份材料分别含有3种矮秆基因,即Rht-B1b、Rht8、Rht12和Rht-B1b、Rht5、Rht8;其余31份材料仅含有1种矮秆基因。82份青海育成小麦材料中仅含有Rht-B1b的材料11份,平均株高为86.2 cm,其降秆效应为5.7%;只含有Rht-D1b的材料有5份,平均株高为84.9 cm,其降秆效应为7.1%;仅含有Rht8的材料有9份,平均株高为88.6 cm,其降秆效应为3.1%。因此,在青海育成小麦品种中,矮秆基因的降秆效应为Rht-D1bRht-B1bRht8。
[Abstract]:In order to systematically understand the distribution characteristics of dwarf genes in Qinghai wheat and provide excellent germplasm resources for wheat plant height breeding in Qinghai Plateau. In this study, the specific molecular markers of five dwarf genes were used to detect the dwarf genes in 82 wheat cultivars in Qinghai province, and the effects of different dwarf genes on culm reduction were analyzed. The results showed that 49 of 82 cultivars of Qinghai wheat had at least one dwarf gene, in which Rht-B1b was the most frequently distributed, accounting for 28.0% of the tested wheat varieties, followed by Rht8 gene with a frequency of 23.2%. The distribution frequency of the dwarf gene Rht-D1bht5 and Rht12 were 9.8and 13.4and 9.8respectively. Of the 49 materials with different types of dwarf genes, 16 had two or more dwarf genes at the same time. That is, RhtB1b and Rht8 Rh t-D1b and Rht8T8 Rht-D1b and Rht5T5 Rht-D1b and Rht5Rh T5 Rht-B1b and Rht12 Rht-B1b and Rht12Rht5 and Rht12Rht-D1b have not been found to contain three dwarf genes in two cultivars containing Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, respectively. The results showed that Rht-B1bGN Rht8 Rht12 and Rht-B1bt5 Rht8; the remaining 31 samples contained only one dwarf gene. 82 samples of Qinghai wheat had only Rht-B1b, with an average plant height of 86.2 cm, and the effect of decreasing culm was 5.7cm, and only 5 samples containing Rht-D1b, and the other 31 samples contained only one kind of dwarf gene, and the average plant height was 86.2 cm, and the effect of decreasing culm was 5.7cm, while the other 31 materials contained only one dwarf gene. The average plant height was 84.9 cm, the culm lowering effect was 7.1 cm, the average plant height was 88.6 cm and the average plant height was 88.6 cm, and the stem lowering effect was 3.1 cm. Therefore, the descending effect of dwarf gene was Rht-D1bRht-B1bRht8.
【作者单位】：青海大学农牧学院;青海大学农林科学院/国家作物种质复份库/农业部作物基因资源与种质创新青海科学观测试验站;三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室;
【基金】：青海省基础研究计划项目(2016-ZJ-773) 青海高原特色冷凉作物优异种质创新与利用(2013BAD01B05-3) 物种资源保护费项目(2016NWB023)
【分类号】：S512.1

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