植物角质层基因研究进展

发布时间：2018-06-21 00:56

本文选题：角质层 + 生物合成　；参考：《植物学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：角质层是形成于陆生植物表皮细胞壁外表面的脂质保水层。角质层的基本功能是保水,同时也在响应逆境胁迫、自我清洁及器官发育等方面发挥作用。角质层通常由角质和蜡质组成。角质是角质层的主要结构成分,其主要组分是聚酯。蜡质成分主要为极长链饱和脂肪酸及其衍生物。这些组分在内质网上合成后被转运到细胞表面,进一步形成完整的角质层结构。近年来通过对角质层相关突变体及相应基因的研究,人们对角质层在合成、转运、形成及调控等各个阶段都有了较为深入的认识。蜡质和角质的合成途径已在角质层相关基因功能的解释下逐渐浮出水面。有关角质层前体转运方面的研究,主要的突破在于ABCG全转运蛋白的发现和功能解析。在角质层形成的机理方面,角质层基因中的酯酶和脂酶类基因的研究有助于进一步认识这个复杂的过程。在基因调控方面,新的转录因子基因和角质层与环境之间的相互关系研究,也为已知的调控网络增加了新内容。该文综述了目前关于角质层相关基因的最新研究进展。
[Abstract]:The stratum corneum is a lipid preserving layer formed on the surface of the epidermal cell wall of the terrestrial plant. The basic function of the cuticle is water conservation, and it also plays a role in response to stress, self cleaning and organ development. The cuticle is usually composed of horniness and wax. Horny is the main component of the cuticle, and its main component is polyester wax. The constituents are mainly long chain saturated fatty acids and their derivatives. These components are transported to the cell surface after synthesis on the endoplasmic reticulum, and further form a complete cuticle structure. In recent years, the stratum corneum related mutants and corresponding genes have been studied in recent years, and there are various stages in the formation, transport, formation and regulation of the cuticle. A deeper understanding. The synthesis of wax and horniness has gradually emerged from the explanation of the function of the cuticle related genes. The main breakthrough in the research of the keratin precursor transport is the discovery and functional analysis of the ABCG total transporter. In the mechanic aspect of the stratum corneum, the esterase and lipase in the cuticle gene The study of gene like genes is helpful to further understand this complex process. In the field of gene regulation, the relationship between the new transcription factor gene and the cuticle and the environment has also been added to the known regulatory network. This article reviews the latest research progress on the cuticle related factors.
【作者单位】：青海大学生态环境工程学院;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院逆境生理与生态重点实验室;
【基金】：国家基础研究发展计划(No.2013CB429904) 国家自然科学基金(No.31170369,No.31560052) 甘肃创新研究群体基金(No.1308RJIA002)
【分类号】：Q943.2

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