新基因起源:从自然进化到人工设计
发布时间:2018-11-07 16:16
【摘要】:生命体系历经40多亿年的自然进化,创造了无数丰富多彩的功能基因,保障了生命体系的传承与繁荣。然而生命体系的自然进化历程极其缓慢,新的功能基因产生需要数百万年时间,无法满足快速发展的工业生产需求。利用合成生物学技术,研究人员可以依据已知的酶催化机理和蛋白质结构进行全新的基因设计与合成,按照工业生产需求快速创造全新的蛋白质催化剂,实现各种自然界生物无法催化的生物化学反应。尽管新基因设计技术展现了激动人心的应用前景,但是目前该技术还存在设计成功率不高、酶催化活性较低、合成成本较高等科技挑战。未来随着合成生物学技术的快速发展,设计、改造、合成和筛选等技术将融合为一体,为新基因设计与创建带来全新的发展机遇。
[Abstract]:After more than 4 billion years of natural evolution, the life system has created numerous rich and colorful functional genes and ensured the inheritance and prosperity of the life system. However, the natural evolution of life system is very slow, and it takes millions of years to produce new functional genes, which can not meet the rapid development of industrial production needs. Using synthetic biology, researchers can design and synthesize new genes based on known enzymatic catalysis mechanisms and protein structures, and quickly create new protein catalysts according to industrial production requirements. The realization of a variety of natural organisms can not catalyze biochemical reactions. Although the new gene design technology has shown exciting application prospects, there are still some scientific challenges, such as low success rate, low enzyme catalytic activity and high synthesis cost. In the future, with the rapid development of synthetic biology technology, design, transformation, synthesis and screening technology will be integrated, which will bring new development opportunities for the design and creation of new genes.
【作者单位】: 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所;
本文编号:2316889
[Abstract]:After more than 4 billion years of natural evolution, the life system has created numerous rich and colorful functional genes and ensured the inheritance and prosperity of the life system. However, the natural evolution of life system is very slow, and it takes millions of years to produce new functional genes, which can not meet the rapid development of industrial production needs. Using synthetic biology, researchers can design and synthesize new genes based on known enzymatic catalysis mechanisms and protein structures, and quickly create new protein catalysts according to industrial production requirements. The realization of a variety of natural organisms can not catalyze biochemical reactions. Although the new gene design technology has shown exciting application prospects, there are still some scientific challenges, such as low success rate, low enzyme catalytic activity and high synthesis cost. In the future, with the rapid development of synthetic biology technology, design, transformation, synthesis and screening technology will be integrated, which will bring new development opportunities for the design and creation of new genes.
【作者单位】: 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所;
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