基于12S、16S rDNA和Cyt b基因部分序列云南23种鲤科鱼类的分子系统发育研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 14:49

【摘要】：鲤科(Cyprinidae)鱼类隶属于硬骨鱼纲(Osteichthyes)骨鳔总目(Ostariophysi)的鲤形目(Cypriniformes),是目前鱼类中最大的一个科,也是我国淡水鱼类最大的科。基于形态解剖和分子数据研究者对鲤科鱼类的系统发育关系未形成一致的认识和结论。云南鲤科鱼类的系统发育的重建,将为揭示我国和东亚鱼类的系统发育研究提供新的数据。本研究测定了云南鲤科,共8个亚科20个属23种鱼类的12S rDNA、16S rDNA和Cyt b基因序列,以拟长鳅(Acanthopsoides gracilis)作为外类群,采用分子系统发育方法,重建了基于12S rDNA,16S rDNA和Cyt b基因部分序列的系统发育关系,分析了云南鲤科鱼类的分子系统发育关系,研究结果显示:1.本研究中的丽色低线渞(Barilius pulchellus)、罗碧鱼(Paralaubuca barroni)、鳙鱼(Aristichthys nobilis)、棒花鱼(Abbottina rivularis)、中国结鱼(Tor sinensis)、云南盘泩(Discogobio yunnanensis)、昆明裂腹鱼(Shizothorax grahami)和大头鲤(Cyprinus pellegrini)等23种云南鲤科鱼类形成了由(鱼丹)亚科(Danioninae)、湆亚科(Cultrinae)、鲢亚科(Hypophthalmichthyinae)、和泩亚科(Gobioninae)构成的雅罗鱼系(Leuciscinea)和由渻亚科(Barbinae)、野鲮亚科(Labeoninae)、裂腹鱼亚科(Schizothoracinae)和鲤亚科(Cyprininae)构成的渻系(Barbini)两个大的支系。2.研究中基于12S rDNA+16S rDNA构建的ML树、基于Cyt b构建的NJ树和基于12S rDNA+16S rDNA+Cyt b构建的NJ树均显示,湆亚科中的翘嘴湆(Culter alburnus)、飘鱼(Pseudolaubuca sinensis)、?条(Hemiculter leucisculus)和似淣(Toxabramis swinhonis)聚为一支,隶属于湆亚科的罗碧鱼(P.barroni)均未与其他4种湆亚科鱼类聚为一支。本研究中采用的湆亚科鱼类形成一个并系。3.短吻鱼(Sikukia gudgeri)、黄尾短吻鱼(S.flavicaudata)、云南四须渻(Barbodes huangchuchieni)、中国结鱼(T.sinensis)、长臀渻(Mystacoleucus marginatus)和异斑小渻(Puntius ticto)共6种渻亚科鱼类在研究中未聚成一支,初步推测认为渻亚科不是一个单系类群。4.研究中的5种渻亚科鱼类中,云南四须渻在系统树中均未聚于渻亚科分支的最基部,四须渻属为渻亚科最原始的属这一观点有待商榷。5.重建的系统发育关系显示,云南四须渻和长臀渻的系统发育位置较近,长臀渻和云南四须渻的亲缘关系较近。
[Abstract]:Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae), which belongs to (Ostariophysi) of (Osteichthyes), is the largest family of fishes and the largest family of freshwater fishes in China. Based on morphological anatomy and molecular data, researchers have not reached a consistent understanding and conclusion on phylogenetic relationship of Cyprinidae. The phylogenetic reconstruction of Cyprinidae fishes in Yunnan will provide new data for revealing the phylogenetic studies of fishes in China and East Asia. In this study, 12s rDNA,16S rDNA and Cyt b gene sequences of 23 species of 20 genera and 8 subfamilies of Cyprinidae from Yunnan were determined. (Acanthopsoides gracilis) was used as the exotaxa and molecular phylogenetic method was used to reconstruct the fish based on 12s rDNA,. The phylogenetic relationships of 16s rDNA and Cyt b genes were studied. The molecular phylogenetic relationships of Cyprinidae in Yunnan were analyzed. The results showed that: 1. (Barilius pulchellus), (Paralaubuca barroni), bighead (Aristichthys nobilis), rosefish (Abbottina rivularis), in this study (Tor sinensis), (Tor sinensis), Yunnan (Discogobio yunnanensis), 23 species of Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae) from Yunnan, such as (Shizothorax grahami) and (Cyprinus pellegrini), were formed by (Hypophthalmichthyinae), of (Cultrinae), silver carp (Danioninae), subfamily). The two major branches of (Leuciscinea) and (Cyprininae) are (Leuciscinea) and (Barbini), which are composed of (Labeoninae), and (Cyprininae) of (Barbinae), subfamily (Barbinae), and (Cyprininae) of the subfamily Cyprinidae, respectively. 2. The ML tree based on 12s rDNA 16s rDNA, the NJ tree based on Cyt b and the NJ tree based on 12s rDNA 16s rDNA Cyt b show that (Pseudolaubuca sinensis),? The (Hemiculter leucisculus) and (Toxabramis swinhonis) were clustered into one branch, and P.barroni, belonging to the subfamily Phaeidae, did not form one with the other four species. In this study, the fishes of the subfamily Phaeidae form a parallel line. 3. (Sikukia gudgeri), S.flavicaudata, T.sinensis, (Mystacoleucus marginatus) and (Puntius ticto), six species of (Sikukia gudgeri), not one branch of the subfamily, were not found in the study. It is preliminarily speculated that Xiongsubfamily is not a monophyletic group. 4. Of the five species of the subfamily Shengliaceae studied, the view that none of the four XIANGXIANGXIANG of Yunnan Province is the most basic of the branches of the subfamily SHINGYIDAE in the systematic tree is the most primitive genus of the XIANGXIANG subfamily is open to question. 5. The phylogenetic relationship showed that the phylogenetic position of Yunnan Sixuxiao and long breech was close, and the relationship between Yunnan Sixuxiao and Yunnan Sixiao was close.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q953

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