基因型和栽插密度对甘薯农艺性状及结薯习性的影响

发布时间：2018-12-18 10:31

【摘要】：【目的】探讨不同基因型和栽插密度对甘薯主要农艺性状、结薯性及产量的影响。【方法】以6个优质食用甘薯品种为研究对象,采用两因素完全随机设计方法。【结果】茎粗、最长蔓长和蔓薯比(T/R)在不同基因型间差异显著,T/R在不同栽插密度下差异显著,基部分枝随栽插密度增高而降低。单株鲜薯重、薯块烘干率和单位面积鲜薯产量等产量性状,在基因型、基因型×密度间均表现出显著或极显著差异,单位鲜薯重随栽插密度增加逐渐降低,单位面积鲜薯产量则随栽插密度升高而增加。本试验6个甘薯品种的结薯性均表现出大薯数中薯数小薯数,且不同基因型大薯率呈极显著差异;大薯和商品薯数、大薯率随栽插密度的升高而降低,中、小薯数,中、小薯率在不同栽插密度间无显著差异。相关性分析表明,基部分枝和单株鲜薯重呈显著正相关;薯块烘干率与茎粗呈显著正相关,与最长蔓长呈显著负相关;单位面积鲜薯产量与单株鲜薯重呈显著正相关,与烘干率成显著负相关;大薯率与大薯数、单株鲜薯重呈极显著正相关,与中、小薯率呈极显著负相关。【结论】栽插密度为7.5×104株/hm2,6个甘薯品种的商品薯数和单位面积鲜薯产量均达最高。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effects of different genotypes and planting density on the main agronomic characters, tuber setting and yield of sweet potato. [methods] six high quality edible sweet potato varieties were studied. [results] the diameter of stem, the longest length of vine and the ratio of vine to potato (T / R) were significantly different among different genotypes, the differences of T / R between different planting densities were significant, and the branches at base decreased with the increase of planting density. The yield characters such as fresh potato weight per plant, drying rate of tuber block and fresh potato yield per unit area showed significant or extremely significant differences among genotypes and genotypes 脳 densities, and the weight per unit fresh potato decreased gradually with the increase of planting density. The yield of fresh potato per unit area increased with the increase of planting density. In this experiment, all the 6 sweet potato varieties showed the number of small tubers in the number of large tubers, and the percentage of large tubers of different genotypes was very significant difference. The number of large tubers and commercial tubers, the rate of large tubers decreased with the increase of planting density, but there was no significant difference in the number of middle, small and middle tubers among different planting densities. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between basal branches and fresh potato weight per plant, a significant positive correlation between stem diameter and drying rate of tuber, and a significant negative correlation between stem drying rate and longest vine length. There was a significant positive correlation between fresh potato yield per unit area and fresh potato weight per plant, and a significant negative correlation between fresh potato yield per unit area and drying rate. The rate of large tuber was positively correlated with the number of large tubers, the weight of fresh potato per plant, and the rate of small tuber was negatively correlated with that of middle and small tuber. [conclusion] the number of commercial sweet potato and the yield of fresh potato per unit area of 6 sweet potato varieties with planting density of 7.5 脳 10 ~ 4 / hm2, were the highest.
【作者单位】：江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所/农业部甘薯生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/江苏徐州甘薯研究中心;
【基金】：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-11,甘薯) 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(13)2032] 江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2015313)
【分类号】：S531

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