大豆矮化短柄突变体baf6表型分析与基因定位

发布时间：2019-04-13 16:18

【摘要】：在大豆理想株型构建中,株高与叶柄长度是两个非常重要的株型性状,均对大豆产量影响显著。研究证实株高与结荚数呈现正相关性且适度矮化可以提高抗倒伏能力,叶柄长度决定了大豆整株的叶层结构并影响植株的光合作用面积,研究发现拥有较短叶柄的大豆品种可以在高密度种植下而不影响光合作用。本文利用60CO-γ射线诱变“菏豆12”产生的一个矮化短柄突变体baf6比较研究了与菏豆12的百粒重,株高,底荚高度等常见农艺性状差异。并利用植物外源激素(生长素,赤霉素,油菜素内酯,细胞分裂素)处理两者根系,以探讨两者对外源植物激素的响应差异。通过石蜡切片观察分析了baf6与菏豆12叶柄细胞结构。为了克隆出控制矮化短柄性状的基因,将baf6突变体与Williams82杂交,遗传学分析表明baf6性状遗传符合单隐性基因遗传规律,利用分子标记和F2代分离出的两个突变体群体M16(共13株)、M17(共21株)进行基因定位。本次研究结果为目的基因的确定以及大豆理想株型构建提供了理论依据,同时baf6突变体相比于已有的GA3合成缺陷型突变体“东泽11号”与GA3钝感型突变体“df”是一种新型突变体,丰富了大豆株型的种质资源。本次研究主要结果如下:1.相比于野生型“菏豆12”,baf6突变体苗期根系对不同浓度的6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA),赤霉素(GA3),吲哚乙酸(IAA)有反应,对油菜素内酯(BR)无反应。属于BR不敏感突变体类型。2.叶柄横切观察发现,相比于野生型“菏豆12”,baf6突变体木质部细胞及髓细胞直径普遍减小,横向发育能力下降。这个结果与其为BR不敏感型突变体相对应。3.突变体baf6在农艺性状上包括单株粒数,单株荚数,叶片面积,株高,节数,分枝数相比于野生型都有显著下降,百粒重与底荚高度无明显差异。在营养生长末期baf6的光合速率与菏豆12无明显差异。4.利用突变体分离群体和大豆基因组20条染色体上的分子标记将目的基因定位在了7号染色体上的0.826-1.152M之间,根据数据库搜索,大豆基因组在该区域有16个基因。
[Abstract]:In the construction of soybean ideal plant type, plant height and petiole length are two very important characters of plant type, both of which have a significant effect on soybean yield. The results showed that plant height had positive correlation with pod setting number and moderate dwarf could improve lodging resistance. Petiole length determined leaf layer structure of soybean and affected photosynthesis area of soybean plant. It was found that soybean varieties with shorter petioles could be planted under high density without affecting photosynthesis. In this paper, a dwarf short-stalk mutant baf6 produced by 60 Co-纬-ray mutagenesis "Hedou 12" was used to study the differences of common agronomic traits such as 100 seed weight, plant height and bottom pod height between Hedou 12 and Hedou 12. Plant exogenous hormones (auxin, gibberellin, brassinolide, cytokinin) were used to treat the roots of the two plants in order to explore the difference of their responses to exogenous plant hormones. The cell structures of baf6 and Hedou 12 petiole were observed and analyzed by paraffin sections. In order to clone the genes controlling dwarf short stalk traits, the baf6 mutant was hybridized with Williams82. Genetic analysis showed that the inheritance of baf6 traits was in accordance with the inheritance law of single recessive gene. Two mutant populations, M16 (13 strains) and M17 (21 strains), were identified by molecular markers and F2 generation. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the determination of the target gene and the construction of ideal plant type of soybean. At the same time, the baf6 mutant is a new mutant compared with the GA3 synthesis deficient mutant "Dongze 11" and the GA3 insensitive mutant "df", which enriches the germplasm resources of soybean plant type. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. Compared with wild type Hedou 12, the roots of baf6 mutants reacted to different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), gibberellin (GA3) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) at seedling stage, but not to brassinolactone (BR). Belong to BR insensitive mutant type. 2. Compared with the wild type Hedou 12, the diameter of xylem and medulla cells in baf6 mutant decreased generally and the lateral developmental ability decreased compared with the wild type Hedou 12 by cross-sectional observation of petiole. This result corresponds to the BR insensitive mutant. 3. The agronomic characters of mutant baf6 included seed number per plant, pod number per plant, leaf area, plant height, node number and branch number, but there was no significant difference between 100 seed weight and bottom pod height. There was no significant difference in the photosynthetic rate of baf6 between Hedou 12 and Hedou 12 at the end of vegetative growth. 4. The target gene was mapped between 0.826 and 1.152m on chromosome 7 by means of mutant segregation population and molecular markers on 20 chromosomes of soybean genome. According to the database search, there were 16 genes in this region of soybean genome.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S565.1

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