不同基因型羊草数量性状的可塑性及遗传分化

发布时间：2019-06-04 10:10

【摘要】：为了深入探讨植物对环境变化的适应机制,该文以内蒙古草原区羊草(Leymus chinensis)不同基因型为对象,在人工控制条件下,研究了羊草基因型、刈割、干旱及其交互作用对羊草11个数量性状的影响。结果显示:(1)所观测的11个性状(光系统Ⅱ光化学效率、最大净光合速率、蒸腾速率、比叶面积、相对生长速率、分蘖增长数、地上及地下生物量、叶总酚浓度、根非结构性碳水化合物总量和根冠比)受环境因素(干旱、刈割或两者交互)影响显著,表明该物种具有较强的表型可塑性;且在4种环境条件(对照、刈割、干旱、刈割干旱)下,不同基因型羊草的反应规范并不一致,其中,最大净光合速率、蒸腾速率、比叶面积、相对生长速率、叶总酚浓度和根非结构性碳水化合物总量受环境和基因型交互作用影响显著,表明这些性状的表型可塑性具有一定的遗传基础。(2)对同一环境条件下,不同基因型间的性状进行分析显示,分蘖增长数、地下生物量和根非结构性碳水化合物含量在4种环境条件下均未检测到基因型间的差异;而其余8个性状在基因型间的差异显著,表明这些性状的差异具有一定的遗传基础,其中,与生长相关的6个性状的遗传力(H~2)较高,均大于0.5,而叶总酚浓度和根冠比仅在刈割干旱条件下检测出显著差异,H~2分别为0.145和0.202。这些实验结果为理解羊草这一重要物种在内蒙古草原区的广泛分布提供了适应机制方面的数据支持,为合理预测未来气候变化对该物种的影响提供了科学依据,为合理利用和保护该物种及其生态系统提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the adaptation mechanism of plants to environmental changes, this paper took different (Leymus chinensis) genotypes of Leymus chinensis in Inner Mongolia grassland as objects, and studied the genotypic and cutting of Leymus chinensis under artificial control. Effects of drought and its interaction on 11 quantitative characters of Leymus chinensis. The results showed that: (1) the 11 characters observed (photochemical efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, tiller growth number, above-ground and underground biomass, leaf total phenol concentration, The total amount of root non-structural carbohydrates and the ratio of root to shoot were significantly affected by environmental factors (drought, cutting or interaction between them), indicating that the species had strong phenotypic plasticity. Under four environmental conditions (control, cutting, drought, cutting drought), the response norms of different genotypes of Leymus chinensis were not consistent, among which, the maximum net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, The concentration of total phenols in leaves and the total amount of non-structural carbohydrates in roots were significantly affected by environmental and genotypic interactions, indicating that the phenotypic plasticity of these traits has a certain genetic basis. (2) under the same environmental conditions, The analysis of traits among different genotypes showed that there was no difference in tiller growth, underground biomass and root non-structural carbohydrate content among the four environmental conditions. The differences among the other eight traits were significant, indicating that the differences of these traits had a certain genetic basis, among which the heritability of the six traits related to growth (H 鈮，

本文编号：2492652