植物病原真菌广谱拮抗菌M29的筛

发布时间：2018-02-10 22:07

本文关键词： 蚯蚓粪拮抗菌植物病原菌脂肽类粗提取物挥发性物质　出处：《南京农业大学学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]从蚯蚓粪中筛选广谱拮抗植物病菌的细菌并应用于生物防治,同时对它的抑菌机制进行初步探究。[方法]以10种病原真菌为靶菌,采用梯度稀释法和平板对峙法对蚯蚓粪中的拮抗菌进行初筛和复筛,并结合形态学特征、生理生化指标和16S rDNA基因序列对拮抗菌进行初步鉴定;采用生长速率法测定菌株及其脂肽类提取物的拮抗活性;通过平板倒扣法测定菌株产挥发性物质(VOCs)抑制病原菌菌丝生长的效果。[结果]筛选出拮抗水稻纹枯病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌、桃溃疡病菌和灰霉病菌的拮抗细菌分别为12、21、3和3株。其中,菌株M29(Gen Bank登录号:KU870670)能够有效且强烈地抑制灰霉等10种病原菌,对水稻纹枯病菌、大丽轮枝病菌和灰霉病菌的抑制率分别高达95%、91%和89%。结合形态学特征、生理生化指标和16S rDNA基因序列分析,初步鉴定菌株M29为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。菌株M29产生的脂肽类粗提取物对桃溃疡病菌的抑制率高达97%;产生的VOCs对大丽轮枝病菌的抑制率达65%,且VOCs不仅能明显抑制烟曲霉孢子的生长,还可抑制多种病原菌色素的产生。[结论]枯草芽孢杆菌M29菌株具有较高的广谱拮抗病原真菌的能力,在植物真菌病害生物防控中具有潜在的应用价值。
[Abstract]:[objective] to screen broad-spectrum antagonistic bacteria from earthworm dung and to apply them to biological control, and to explore the bacteriostatic mechanism. [methods] Ten pathogenic fungi were used as target bacteria. The antagonistic bacteria in earthworm feces were screened by gradient dilution method and plate confrontation method, and the antagonistic bacteria were preliminarily identified by combining with morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes and 16s rDNA gene sequence. The antagonistic activity of the strain and its lipopeptide extracts was determined by growth rate method, and the inhibitory effect of the volatile substance (VOCs) on the growth of pathogenic mycelium was determined by plate inversion method. [results] the antagonistic bacteria against Rhizoctonia solani were screened out. The antagonistic bacteria of cucumber wilt, peach canker and cinerea were 1221t3 and 3, respectively. Among them, strain M29AGen Bank accession number: KU870670) could effectively and strongly inhibit 10 kinds of pathogenic bacteria, such as Ash, etc., to rice sheath blight. The inhibition rates of C. dahliensis and C. cinerea were as high as 95% and 89%, respectively. Combined with morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes and 16s rDNA gene sequence analysis, the inhibition rate of Rhizoma dahliae and C. cinerea were 95% and 89%, respectively. Strain M29 was identified as Bacillus subtilisus. The inhibition rate of crude lipopeptide extracts from strain M29 was as high as 97%, and the inhibition rate of VOCs against Armillaria grandis reached 65%, and VOCs not only inhibited the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus spores, but also inhibited the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus spores. Conclusion Bacillus subtilis strain M29 has high broad-spectrum antagonistic ability against pathogenic fungi and has potential application value in biological control of plant fungal diseases.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院;江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503121) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200106) 农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(2015-Z42)
【分类号】：S476.1

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