石羊河流域膜下滴灌土壤水盐空间分布特征

发布时间：2018-03-30 20:01

本文选题：膜下滴灌　切入点：灌溉定额　出处：《排灌机械工程学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：通过田间试验,研究了膜下滴灌条件下,不同灌溉定额对春玉米生育期土壤水盐空间分布特征的影响.结果表明土壤含水量的时空分布受灌溉水量的影响.在灌溉期,0~20 cm土层土壤水分含量明显增加.随灌水定额的增加,土壤脱盐深度呈增大的趋势,其中,0~20 cm土层土壤脱盐现象明显,40~100 cm土层土壤积盐现象明显.在春玉米生育后期,灌水定额对滴灌带间的土壤淋洗作用较前期明显.在非灌溉期,由于较强烈的蒸发蒸腾作用,土壤含水量持续降低,作物的主要根系吸水层0~60 cm土层土壤水分含量阶段性变化明显.土壤盐分随土壤水分向上运移,在0~40 cm土层发生积盐现象,40~100 cm土层发生脱盐现象,畦灌方式在0~100 cm土层内均发生脱盐现象.膜下滴灌条件下,春玉米在拔节期前0~100 cm土层土壤含水率和含盐率变异系数分别属于中等变异和弱变异强度,之后两者均属于中等变异强度,且土壤含盐率变异强度始终低于土壤含水率.
[Abstract]:Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of drip irrigation under film. The effects of different irrigation quota on the spatial distribution of soil water and salt in spring maize growing period were studied. The results showed that the temporal and spatial distribution of soil water content was affected by irrigation water quantity. The increase in irrigation quota, The desalination depth of the soil increased, and the desalination of the soil layer was obvious in the soil layer of 40 ~ 100 cm. In the late stage of spring maize growth, the irrigation quota had a more obvious effect on the soil leaching in the drip irrigation zone than in the early stage, and in the non-irrigated period, the effect of irrigation quota on the soil desalination was obvious in the late stage of spring maize growth. Because of the strong evaporation and transpiration, the soil water content decreased continuously, and the soil moisture content of the main root absorbent layer of the crop changed obviously at 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer, and the soil salt moved up with the soil water content. Desalination occurred in 40 ~ 100 cm soil layer, and desalination occurred in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer. Under drip irrigation under film, desalination occurred in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer. The coefficient of variation of soil moisture content and salt content of spring maize in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer before jointing stage was medium variation and weak variation intensity respectively, and the variation intensity of soil salt content was always lower than that of soil moisture content.
【作者单位】：甘肃省石羊河流域管理局;武威市水利技术综合服务中心;
【基金】：甘肃省水利科研推广项目(20140154) 水利部公益性行业科研专项(201501017)
【分类号】：S156.4;S275.6

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