宁夏枸杞园土壤线虫和微生物群落多样性研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 15:24

本文选题：宁夏枸杞 + 土壤线虫群落　；参考：《农业机械学报》2016年09期

【摘要】：为了揭示宁夏枸杞园土壤质量变化趋势,以宁夏枸杞之乡——中宁县为研究区,选取不同树龄宁夏枸杞园土壤,分析不同季节、土层和树龄条件下土壤线虫和微生物群落特征变化规律。结果表明,随树龄的增加,枸杞园0~20 cm土壤线虫总数先增加后减少,6 a树龄时达最大值。不同树龄表层土壤均为食细菌线虫所占比例最大(夏季和秋季平均分别为57.23%和61.19%),植物寄生线虫次之;亚表层植物寄生线虫比例显著提高。夏季表层土壤总磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)和细菌PLFA浓度随树龄呈减小-增大-减小的趋势,9 a树龄各菌群PLFA浓度普遍最大。随树龄的增加,夏季0~20 cm土壤线虫多样性和丰富度指数先增大后减小,但土壤微生物多样性指数、均匀度指数都逐渐减小,线虫和微生物群落优势度指数都逐渐增大;20~40 cm土壤线虫和微生物数量、多样性指数和优势度指数变化趋势一致。土壤EC与微生物总PLFA浓度、细菌PLFA浓度达显著负相关;土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷含量与土壤各线虫数量和微生物浓度相关性普遍达显著或极显著水平。土壤线虫总数、食细菌线虫数量与细菌、真菌和放线菌PLFA浓度均显著或极显著相关。总之,季节、土层和树龄对土壤线虫和微生物群落均有不同程度的影响,但树龄对其影响相对最小;季节、土层和树龄对土壤微生物群落的影响比对土壤线虫群落更显著。在相同季节和土层条件下,土壤微环境质量随着树龄的增加呈现出先改善后退化的趋势。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the changing trend of soil quality in Lycium barbarum orchard in Ningxia, taking Zhongning County, the hometown of Lycium barbarum, as the research area, the soil of different tree ages in Ningxia Lycium barbarum orchard was selected and analyzed in different seasons.The characteristics of soil nematodes and microbial communities in soil layer and tree age were studied.The results showed that with the increase of tree age, the total number of soil nematodes increased first and then decreased to the maximum at the age of 6 years in the orchard of Lycium barbarum L.The proportion of bacteria feeding nematode was the highest in topsoil of different tree ages (57.23% and 61.19% in summer and autumn respectively, followed by plant parasitic nematode), and the percentage of nematodes in subsurface layer increased significantly.The concentration of total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and bacterial PLFA in surface soil decreased, increased and decreased with tree age in summer. The concentration of PLFA was the highest in all groups of bacteria at 9 years of age.With the increase of tree age, the diversity and richness index of soil nematode increased first and then decreased, but the soil microbial diversity index and evenness index decreased gradually.The dominance index of nematode and microbial community increased gradually, and the variation trend of diversity index and dominance index was the same.Soil EC was negatively correlated with total microbial PLFA concentration and bacterial PLFA concentration, and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus content had significant or extremely significant correlation with soil nematode number and microbial concentration.The total number of soil nematodes and the number of bacterial nematodes were significantly correlated with the PLFA concentrations of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes.In a word, soil layer and tree age have different effects on soil nematode and microbial community, but tree age has the least effect on soil nematode community, and the influence of soil layer and tree age on soil microbial community is more significant than on soil nematode community in season.Under the same season and soil conditions, the soil microenvironment quality showed a tendency of first improvement and then degradation with the increase of tree age.
【作者单位】：宁夏大学环境工程研究院;宁夏大学教育学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41261080) 宁夏自治区环保专项
【分类号】：S567.19;S154

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