KOH预处理强化小麦秸秆厌氧消化的生物甲烷生产和肥料价值

发布时间：2018-04-25 14:00

本文选题：KOH预处理 + 小麦秸秆　；参考：《北京化工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：厌氧消化技术可以产生非常积极的环境效益,如温室气体排放量,取代有机肥料,产生可再生能源,减少浪费废弃物的产生量。但是,在厌氧消化技术也存在缺陷,如生物甲烷生产量少,发酵不稳定,发酵失败和缺乏生物量,这都降低了厌氧消化过程被完全利用可用性。本研究对小麦秸秆厌氧消化过程中可能产生的正面或负面的特性的影响进行分析。此外,决定了通过预处理提高麦秸生物产气量和累计的沼渣残余元素方式。将消化的残余物中的营养成分进行分析。气体成分中的甲烷含量,在预处理前先将麦秸切碎并研磨到2至3厘米大小,然后再用氢氧化钾(KOH)进行室温下3天的预处理。室温下预处理能够便于未来分析其有效性和经济前景。不同剂量的KOH预处理的效果用40天的批式中温厌氧消化效果来评价。在第二组批式实验中,在不同的有机负荷率(OLR)条件下,厌氧消化产气效果最好的是用6%KOH预处理,其生物甲烷的产量为331 mLNCH4/gVS,比未予处理麦秸的生物甲烷产量提高了52%。在室温条件下用KOH预处理后的麦秸可以改善其可生物降解性,降低了总固体,挥发性固体,木质素,纤维素和半纤维素的含量。此外,通过分析预处理后纤维素无定形区的结晶指数来分析其可生物降解性。这些结果也可以通过总气体产量和累计甲烷产量反应出来。用KOH预处理的小麦秸秆厌氧消化得到的残渣主要的肥料营养成分为氮、磷和钾。通过KOH预处理后进行厌氧消化发酵,可以使得麦秸中的有机物被降解,半纤维素和纤维素的表面结构受到破坏,生物气、甲烷的产量和肥料的价值都得到了提升。
[Abstract]:Anaerobic digestion technology can produce very positive environmental benefits, such as greenhouse gas emissions, replace organic fertilizer, generate renewable energy, reduce waste waste production. However, there are some defects in anaerobic digestion technology, such as low methane production, unstable fermentation, failure of fermentation and lack of biomass, all of which reduce the availability of full utilization of anaerobic digestion process. In this study, the effects of positive or negative characteristics on the anaerobic digestion of wheat straw were analyzed. In addition, the biological gas production of wheat straw and the accumulated residual elements of biogas residue were determined by pretreatment. The nutrients in digested residues are analyzed. The methane content in the gas composition was chopped and ground to 2 ~ 3 cm before pretreatment, and then pretreated at room temperature for 3 days with potassium hydroxide (Koh). Pretreatment at room temperature can facilitate the analysis of its effectiveness and economic prospects in the future. The effects of different dosages of KOH pretreatment were evaluated by 40 days batch medium temperature anaerobic digestion. In the second batch experiment, under different organic loading rate (OLR), the anaerobic digestion gas production was pretreated with 6%KOH. The biomethane production was 331mLNCH4 / gVSs, which was 52% higher than that of untreated wheat straw. After pretreatment with KOH at room temperature, the biodegradability of wheat straw was improved and the contents of total solids, volatile solids, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose were decreased. In addition, the biodegradability of cellulose was analyzed by analyzing the crystallization index of amorphous region. These results can also be reflected by total gas production and cumulative methane production. After anaerobic digestion of wheat straw with KOH, the main nutrient components of the residue were nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. After anaerobic digestion and fermentation with KOH pretreatment, the organic matter in wheat straw could be degraded, the surface structure of hemicellulose and cellulose was destroyed, and the biogas, methane production and fertilizer value were improved.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S216.4;X712

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