烟台市设施土壤养分状况及有机肥对土壤养分影响的研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 05:13

本文选题：烟台市 + 设施农业　；参考：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：有机肥在设施农业中发挥着重要作用,是高效农业发展的有效手段。研究烟台市设施农业土壤养分状况,建立规范的有机肥技术,对发展本地设施农业有重大意义。本研究以大量的土壤样品测试结果及区域试验数据为依据,定量研究烟台市各县市设施农业土壤养分状况,结合主要作物养分指标及有机肥施入量,分析配肥量与有机质增加量的关系,为本地设施农业科学施肥提供依据。1.有机质含量烟台市各县市较低,平均含量为10.83 g?kg-1,范围是10.58-11.02g?kg-1,牟平区含量最低,昆嵛山保护区含量最高,和山东省各市相比土壤有机质含量较低。2.碱解氮平均含量为19.92mg?kg-1,范围是16.74-24.48mg?kg-1牟平区含量最高,开发区含量最低。3.有效磷平均含量为96.7mg?kg-1,范围是80.3-137.7mg?kg-1,招远市含量最高,福山区含量最低。4.速效钾含量处于山东省设施农业土壤的中等水平偏下,平均含量为130.9g?kg-1,范围是107.5-188.1g?kg-1,龙口市含量最低,莱山区含量最高。5.有效钙含量在烟台各县市土壤中严重缺少,有效镁含量较为丰富,因此番茄、黄瓜等喜钙作物在栽培过程中,需要注意增施钙肥。6.CEC平均含量为17.87cmol/kg,范围是15.44-19.95cmol/kg,芝罘区和栖霞市含量最低,招远市含量最高。7.通过有机肥能的施用,土壤有机质提高幅度最大从11g?kg-1提升到15.3g?kg-1,随着加大有机肥的投入,土壤中有机质含量逐渐增加。土壤中的碱解氮随着有机肥的施入相应的增加,以4t添加量碱解氮增加的幅度最大,增幅为40.5%。不施用有机肥土壤中的有效磷含量下降了5.1%。不施用有机肥土壤中有效钾含量下降了7.8%,添加2t、3t、4t有机肥土壤中有效钾含量随着有机肥施入量的增加而增加,4t试验区有效钾含量增幅最大为3.9%;随有机肥量增加,土壤有效钙、镁含量增加不明显。随着有机肥投入增加,CEC显著增加。长期施用有机肥能够调节土壤pH值土壤的pH值随有机肥投入增加,对土壤改良起到重要作用,试验地块土壤的pH由7.4下降到7.0。
[Abstract]:Organic fertilizer plays an important role in facility agriculture and is an effective means for the development of efficient agriculture. It is of great significance to study the soil nutrient status of protected agriculture in Yantai city and to establish the standard organic fertilizer technology for the development of local facility agriculture. Based on the test results of a large number of soil samples and the regional test data, this study quantitatively studied the soil nutrient status of protected agriculture in Yantai City, combined with the main crop nutrient index and the amount of organic fertilizer applied. The relationship between the amount of fertilizer allocation and the increase of organic matter was analyzed to provide the basis for the scientific fertilization of local facilities agriculture. The content of organic matter in Yantai is low, the average content is 10.83 g / kg ~ (-1), the range is 10.58-11.02 g / kg ~ (-1), the content in Muping district is the lowest, the content in Kunyu Mountain protected area is the highest, and the content of soil organic matter is lower than that in Shandong Province. The average content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen is 19.92 mg / kg ~ (-1). The range is the highest in 16.74-24.48mg?kg-1 Muping area and the lowest in development zone. The average content of available phosphorus was 96.7 mg / kg ~ (-1), and the range was 80.3-137.7 mg / kg ~ (-1). Zhaoyuan city had the highest content, and the Fushan district had the lowest content of .4.The content of available phosphorus was 96.7 mg / kg ~ (-1). The available potassium content was below the middle level of the protected agricultural soil in Shandong Province, the average content was 130.9 g / kg ~ (-1), the range was 107.5-188.1 g / kg ~ (-1), the content in Longkou City was the lowest, and the content in Laishan area was the highest. The content of available calcium in the soil of Yantai county and city is very short, and the content of available magnesium is relatively rich. Therefore, tomato, cucumber and other calcium-loving crops were cultivated in the process of cultivation. The average content of calcium fertilizer was 17.87 cmol / kg, the range was 15.44-19.95 cmol / kg, the content of Zhifu and Qixia was the lowest, the content of Zhaoyuan was the highest. Through the application of organic fertilizer, the increase of soil organic matter increased from 11g?kg-1 to 15.3 g / kg ~ (-1), and the content of organic matter increased gradually with increasing the input of organic fertilizer. With the application of organic fertilizer, the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil increased by 4t, and the increase was 40.5%. The content of available phosphorus in soil without organic fertilizer decreased by 5.1%. The available potassium content in the soil without organic fertilizer decreased by 7.8%, and the available potassium content in the soil increased with the increase of the amount of organic fertilizer application, and the maximum increase of available potassium content was 3.9% in the experiment area, and with the increase of organic fertilizer amount, the available potassium content in the soil increased, and the available calcium content in the soil increased with the increase of the amount of organic fertilizer, and the content of available potassium in the soil increased with the increase of the amount of organic fertilizer. The increase of magnesium content is not obvious. With the increase of organic fertilizer input, CEC increased significantly. Long-term application of organic fertilizer could adjust the pH value of soil with the increase of organic fertilizer input and play an important role in soil improvement. The pH value of soil in experimental plots decreased from 7.4 to 7.0.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S158

【参考文献】