典型设施蔬菜基地重金属的累积特征及风险评估

发布时间：2018-06-12 06:10

本文选题：土壤 + 设施蔬菜　；参考：《中国农业科学》2017年21期

【摘要】：【目的】以北京市设施蔬菜基地为例,研究重金属的累积特征及其健康风险,明确不同重金属在土壤-蔬菜系统中的迁移特征,为蔬菜质量安全和设施蔬菜结构优化提供参考依据。【方法】采集北京市9个典型设施蔬菜基地的148个土壤和96个蔬菜样品,分析土壤和蔬菜样品中As、Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb 5种重金属的统计特征及在土壤-蔬菜系统中迁移系数,并结合美国环保署(US EPA)推荐采用的健康风险评价模型,评价由于蔬菜摄入导致的成人和儿童的健康风险。【结果】设施蔬菜基地土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb的平均含量分别为9.43、0.18、64.4、0.11和21.6 mg·kg-1。设施蔬菜基地蔬菜中As、Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb的平均含量分别为0.0478、0.0391、0.2785、0.0014和0.0454 mg·kg-1。总体上,蔬菜设施基地5种重金属在土壤-蔬菜中迁移能力顺序为:CdHgCrAsPb。5种重金属造成的目标危害系数大小依次为:CdPbHgAsCr。所有蔬菜样品中单一重金属的目标危害系数均小于1,表明单一重金属没有明显的负面影响。【结论】本研究所选设施蔬菜基地的土壤重金属(As、Cd、Cr和Hg)存在积累趋势,须重视健康风险。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals and their health risks, and to determine the migration characteristics of different heavy metals in the soil-vegetable system, taking the facility vegetable base in Beijing as an example. [methods] 148 soils and 96 vegetable samples were collected from 9 typical vegetable bases in Beijing. The statistical characteristics of 5 heavy metals, aspergine, cr, Hg and Pb in soil and vegetable samples, and their transport coefficients in soil-vegetable system were analyzed, and the health risk assessment model recommended by US EPAA was used. The health risks of adults and children due to vegetable intake were evaluated. [results] the average concentrations of Astrazidium cr (Hg) and Pb in soil of vegetable base were 9.43% 0.180.18% 64.40.11 and 21.6 mg / kg ~ (-1), respectively. The average contents of Cr (Hg) and Pb in vegetables of vegetable base were 0.0478U 0.0391C 0.2785N 0.0014 and 0.0454 mg kg -1, respectively, and the average contents of Hg and Pb in vegetables were 0.0478U 0.0391and 0.0454 mg / kg ~ (-1), respectively. As a whole, the order of the transfer ability of five heavy metals in soil-vegetable in vegetable facility base is: 1 / CdgCrAsPb.5 the target hazard coefficient caused by heavy metals is: 1 / CdPbHgAsCr. The target hazard coefficient of single heavy metal in all vegetable samples was less than 1, which indicated that there was no significant negative effect on single heavy metal. Attention should be paid to health risks.
【作者单位】：北京市农林科学院北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心/农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室;北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403014-04) 北京市农林科学院青年基金(QNJJ201717) 质标中心开放课题(kfkt201706)
【分类号】：S153;S626

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