2017年春季气候对农业生产的影响

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:56

本文选题：春季气候 + 春耕春播　；参考：《中国农业气象》2017年07期

【摘要】：2017年春季,全国平均气温以偏高为主,降水量呈现北方偏少、南方偏多的趋势,日照正常。北方冬麦区大部光温适宜,降水及时,土壤墒情良好,利于冬小麦生长发育和产量形成;北方春播区气温回升快,降水较为及时,春播作物播种出苗顺利;南方大部时段光温水匹配较好,利于夏收粮油作物产量形成和早稻生长发育。南方大部初春持续阴雨寡照突出,同时叠加阶段性强降水,影响早稻播种和幼苗生长以及油菜开花结荚;东北地区西部和内蒙古东部干旱影响春播和牧草返青生长,5月21-23日明显降水增加了土壤水分,旱情得以缓解;华北、黄淮部分地区冬小麦遭受干热风和风雹危害,影响冬小麦灌浆和产量形成。
[Abstract]:In the spring of 2017, the national average temperature was higher, the precipitation was less in the north and more in the south, and the sunshine was normal. Most of the winter wheat area in the north is suitable for light and temperature, the precipitation is timely, the soil moisture is good, which is conducive to the growth, development and yield formation of winter wheat, the temperature of spring sowing area in North China is rising quickly, the precipitation is relatively timely, and the seeding and emergence of spring sowing crops are smooth. In most of southern China, light and warm water match well, which is beneficial to the yield formation of grain and oil crops and the growth and development of early rice. In most of the early spring in southern China, the continuous overcast rain and heavy precipitation at the same time affected the seeding and seedling growth of early rice and the flowering and poding of rape. Drought in the western part of Northeast China and the eastern part of Inner Mongolia affected spring sowing and forage growth, the precipitation increased soil moisture from May 21-23, and the drought was alleviated, while winter wheat was damaged by dry and hot wind and hail in parts of North China and Huanghuai. The grain filling and yield formation of winter wheat were affected.
【作者单位】：国家气象中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201506001)“干旱气象科学研究——我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理”
【分类号】：S162

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