黄腐酸浸种对燕麦和谷子抗旱保苗效果及机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 23:51

本文选题：燕麦 + 谷子　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对内蒙古黄土高原春旱严重、春播保苗困难的问题,在防雨棚和与盆栽两种条件下,采用311-A最优回归设计方法,研究不同土壤墒情、不同黄腐酸浸种浓度和播种补水量对燕麦和谷子的抗旱保苗效果,建立以出苗率为目标函数的三因子非线性回归方程,揭示3因素对燕麦和谷子的抗旱保苗机制,为该地区抗旱播种保苗提供理论依据与技术支持。研究结果主要如下：1、在黄腐酸浸种和播种补水量的共同作用下,燕麦和谷子的出苗率、株高、茎粗均有所提高。燕麦出苗率、株高、茎粗分别提高了8.19%～29.21%、2.41%～61.72%、41.4%～152.80%；谷子出苗率、株高、茎粗分别提高了15%～122%、42.28%～1.54%、19.23%～85.59%。2、黄腐酸浸种结合补水处理能够有效的调节燕麦和谷子的渗透调节系统、质膜系统及保护酶系统。燕麦游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)含量分别增加21.90%～113.90%、6.89%～58.74%、7.16%～80.42%、3.35%～146.12%,丙二醛含量降低0.85%～32.35%、相对电导率降低13.64%～51.02%;谷子游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)含量分别增加9.94%～75.36%、5.04%～50.25%、4.80%～48.07%、18.29%～111.25%,丙二醛含量降低3.79%～32.31%、相对电导率降低12.28%～71.79%。3、单因素对燕麦和谷子出苗率的影响效果均表现为土壤墒情补水量黄腐酸浸种。经三因素数学模型模拟寻优得,在黄腐酸浸种浓度为0.22%、补水量为0.49L/m2及土壤墒情为田间持水量的71.25%时,燕麦出苗率在各单因素达到最大值,分别为90.76%、91.72%、93.27%；在黄腐酸浸种浓度为0.28%、播种补水量为0.23L/穴、土壤墒情为田间持水量的47.69%时,谷子出苗率在各单因素下达到最大值,分别为90.59%、90.72%和90.48%。4、两因素互作时为在土壤墒情为田间持水量的62.11%下结合黄腐酸浸种浓度为0.22%时对提高燕麦出苗率效果较好,达93.05%；土壤墒情为田间持水量的45.95%并结合浓度为0.29%黄腐酸浸种,谷子出苗率达到最大为90.59%。两因素互作时,黄腐酸浸种浓度和补水量、补水量和土壤墒情、黄腐酸浸种和土壤墒情对燕麦而言均存在互作效应,而只有黄腐酸浸种和补水量对谷子有互作效应。5、黄腐酸浸种、补水并结合一定的土壤墒情可以明显提高燕麦和谷子的出苗率。经模拟寻优,黄腐酸浸种浓度为0.23%、补水量为0.47L/m2、土壤墒情为田间持水量的为68.85%的组合下,燕麦的出苗率达到最高为94.13%;当黄腐酸浸种浓度为0.27%、补水量为0.23L/穴、土壤墒情为田间持水量的为46.5%时,谷子的出苗率最高,达到91.05%。6、用黄腐酸浸种可以达到抗旱保苗节水的效果。在单因素影响下,黄腐酸浸种浓度最适,即0.22%时,燕麦出苗率最高达84.76%,若不浸种,需补水0.71L/m2；当谷子浸种浓度最适为0.28%时,谷子出苗率达到90.59%,若不浸种则需补水0.21L/穴。
[Abstract]:In view of the serious spring drought in the Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia and the difficulty of planting and protecting seedlings in spring, the optimum regression design method of 311-A was used to study different soil moisture under the conditions of rain shelter and pot planting. Different concentration of fulvic acid soaking seed and amount of seeding supplementation on drought resistance and seedling preservation of oats and millet were studied. A three factor nonlinear regression equation with seedling emergence rate as objective function was established to reveal the mechanism of drought resistance and seedling preservation of oat and millet by three factors. To provide theoretical basis and technical support for drought-resistant seeding and seedling preservation in this area. The main results were as follows: under the combined action of seed soaking with fulvic acid and the amount of supplementary water, the emergence rate, plant height and stem diameter of oat and millet were improved. The seed emergence rate, plant height and stem diameter of oats were increased by 8.19% and 29.21% and 2.41% and 61.72%, 41.4% and 152.80%, respectively, and the seed emergence rate of millet, the height of plant, The diameter of stem increased respectively by 42.28 and 1.54, and 19.23 and 85.59.2. the osmotic regulation system, plasma membrane system and protective enzyme system of oat and millet could be effectively regulated by fulvic acid seed soaking combined with water supplementation. The contents of free proline, soluble protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in oats were increased by 21.90% and 6.89%, respectively. The contents of free proline, soluble protein, soluble protein, The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased by 9.945.36 and 5.04, and 50.25 and 4.800.804.800.707 and 18.291.25, respectively. The content of MDA decreased 3.790.32. 31 and the relative conductivity decreased 12.2871.79.3.The effect of single factor on the seedling emergence rate of oats and cereals was as follows: (1) the effect of single factor on the seedling emergence rate of oats and cereals was as follows: (1) the effect of single factor on the seedling emergence rate of oats and cereals was as follows. Soil moisture supplement amount of fulvic acid soaking seeds. Through three factors mathematical model simulation and optimization, when the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid is 0.22, the amount of supplementary water is 0.49 L / m ~ 2 and the soil moisture is 71.25% of the field water holding capacity, the emergence rate of oat has reached the maximum value in each single factor, which is 90.76% 91.72% and 93.2727; When the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid is 0.28%, the seeding amount is 0.23 L / hole, the soil moisture content is 47.69% of the field water holding capacity, the emergence rate of millet reaches the maximum in each single factor. 90.59.2% and 90.48.4.When the two factors interacted with each other, when soil moisture was 62.11% of the field water holding capacity, the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.22%, and the effect was better when the seed soaking concentration was 0.22%, reaching 93.05%. Soil moisture content was 45.95% of the field water capacity and the combination concentration was 0.29% fulvic acid soaking the seed, the maximum emergence rate of millet was 90.59%. When the two factors were interacted, there were interaction effects on oats, such as the seed concentration and water supply of fulvic acid, the amount of water supplement and soil moisture, and the soaking of fulvic acid and soil moisture. However, only fulvic acid seed soaking and water supplementation had interaction effect on millet, and fulvic acid soaking seed, adding water and soil moisture could obviously increase the emergence rate of oat and millet. After simulated optimization, the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.23, the amount of supplementary water was 0.47 L / m ~ 2, the soil moisture content was 68.85% in the field, the emergence rate of oat reached the highest 94.13%, when the soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.27%, the amount of supplementary water was 0.23 L / hole. When the soil moisture content is 46.5, the emergence rate of millet is the highest, reaching 91.05.6. soaking seeds with fulvic acid can achieve the effect of drought resistance and water saving. Under the influence of single factor, the best seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.22, the highest emergence rate of oat was 84.76%, if not soaking seed, it was necessary to replenish 0.71 L / m2, when the optimum concentration of seed soaking was 0.28%, the seed emergence rate of millet was 90.59%, and that of non-soaking seed was 0.21 L / hole.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S512.6;S515;S423

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