我国人工林土壤有机质的量和质下降是制约林木生长的关键因子

发布时间：2018-06-17 08:51

本文选题：土壤有机质 + 土壤有机质的量和质　；参考：《林业科学》2016年12期

【摘要】：【目的】揭示我国人工林土壤有机质的量和质下降原因与机理及其对林木生长的影响,为维护、恢复和提高土壤功能提供理论依据和技术途径。【方法】依据笔者多年来在森林土壤有机质领域所取得的系列研究成果,查阅国内外大量文献资料,围绕人工林土壤有机质的量和质下降的原因与机理及其对林木生长量的影响进行深入论述。【结果】森林土壤有机质是森林土壤肥力的核心,不仅是有机养分库,也是无机养分库;枯落物是土壤有机养分的主要源泉,它的量和质与有机质的量和质及林木生长密切相关;针叶纯林,由于凋落物组成特殊,处于酸性分解,土壤化学性质恶化,生物学活性下降;纯林重茬经营,土壤中重要生物化学活性物质的种类减少、含量下降,土壤功能下降;重茬针叶纯林,土壤有机质组成、结构明显退化,重要功能团数量减少。【结论】森林土壤有机质含量与土壤理化性质、生物学活性及林木生长密切相关;不良的经营技术措施导致人工林土壤有机质的量和质下降并对林木生长产生影响;发展混交林,形成有良好群落结构的人工林,提高土壤有机质的量和质,是我国人工林未来发展的方向。
[Abstract]:[objective] to reveal the reason and mechanism of soil organic matter decline and its influence on forest growth in China. [methods] based on the series of research achievements in the field of forest soil organic matter obtained by the author for many years, the author consulted a large number of literature materials at home and abroad. The causes and mechanism of soil organic matter decline and its effect on forest growth were discussed. [results] Forest soil organic matter is the core of forest soil fertility, not only organic nutrient pool. Litter is the main source of soil organic nutrients, and its quantity and quality are closely related to the quantity and quality of organic matter and the growth of trees. The chemical properties of soil deteriorated and the biological activity decreased; the species and content of important biochemical active substances in the soil decreased, and the soil function decreased; the pure coniferous forest, the composition of soil organic matter and the structure of the soil were obviously degraded. [conclusion] the content of organic matter in forest soil is closely related to soil physical and chemical properties, biological activity and forest growth. The bad management and technical measures resulted in the decrease of soil organic matter quantity and quality in artificial forest and the influence on forest growth, the development of mixed forest, the formation of artificial forest with good community structure, and the improvement of soil organic matter quantity and quality. It is the future development direction of plantation in our country.
【作者单位】：中国林业科学研究院林业研究所;
【分类号】：S714

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