开封市城市土壤有机碳和无机碳不同功能区分布特征

发布时间：2018-06-18 02:49

本文选题：城市土壤 + 无机碳　；参考：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球变化研究的深入,作为影响全球气候变化的碳循环愈发受到各界的关注。土壤碳是陆地碳库的重要组成部分,包括土壤有机碳与无机碳,了解土壤碳循环是研究陆地生态系统碳循环的重要前提。作为一种新型的土壤类型─城市土壤受到广泛的关注,随着城市化的深入,城市土壤受到的影响范围和程度越来越强烈。城市土壤的理化性质随着土壤利用类型的转变发生大的变化,土壤自身的其它特征也随之改变。长期以来,有机碳作为土壤肥力指标得到多方研究,城市土壤中有机碳具有一定代表性,其变化过程更多受干扰于人为因素,这与自然土壤或农田有机碳循环过程有一定差别。与此同时,土壤中另一类碳—以碳酸盐形式存在的无机碳的研究也尤为重要,无机碳含量的变化影响土壤原有性质,同时城市化过程又对土壤中无机碳的含量和分布造成影响,加之无机碳与有机碳间是否存在必然联系尚不确定,分别分析城市土壤中无机碳和有机碳的含量和分布特征显得十分必要。开封市历史悠久,其发展历史造成其城市土壤的特殊性,本研究以开封市为例,以垂直方向和空间分布分析无机碳、有机碳和活性炭含量变化,碳密度变化趋势,区分无机碳组成,分析影响碳含量的因素。本次研究共选取62个剖面点,301个土层进行土壤基础理化性质,无机碳含量,有机碳含量,水溶性无机碳组分和活性炭含量的测定。通过本次研究,得出以下结论:(1)开封市城市土壤中无机碳和有机碳含量在垂直方向上的变化呈现多样性,无统一规律,自然土壤的无机碳含量在垂直方向上随深度增大呈先升后降变化,而有机碳含量呈递减趋势。在空间分布上,各功能区无机碳密度大小顺序为:文教区(14.35kg/m2)行政/居民区(13.10kg/m2)工业区(12.98kg/m2)休闲区(12.66kg/m2)交通区(11.88kg/m2);有机碳密度大小排序为:行政/居民区(53.99kg/m2)工业区(51.33kg/m2)文教区(44.70kg/m2)休闲区(29.87kg/m2)交通区(27.15kg/m2)。其中无机碳密度占总的碳密度的1/3。(2)开封市城市土壤中难溶性无机碳所占比例大,可溶性无机碳中以HCO3-形式存在的C占主导,垂直方向上变化形式不一,空间分布上其含量大小依次为休闲区工业区交通区行政/居民区文教区;活性炭含量在垂直方向上变化多样,空间上,活性炭密度变化为休闲区文教区工业区交通区行政/居民区。(3)将所选样点分为绿地和非绿地两类,绿地无机碳含量垂直变化相对统一,非绿地则呈多样性;空间分布上无机碳含量与碳密度变化一致,绿地为工业区行政/居民区文教区交通区休闲区,非绿地为文教区交通区行政/居民区工业区休闲区,非绿地无机碳含量与碳密度高于绿地。(4)绿地与非绿地有机碳含量和活性炭含量在垂直方向上变化无规律;有机碳含量,活性炭含量及碳密度皆为非绿地高于绿地;有机碳含量与碳密度,活性炭含量与碳密度在空间分布上排列顺序不一致。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of global change research, the carbon cycle as a global climate change has attracted more and more attention. Soil carbon is an important part of the terrestrial carbon pool, including soil organic carbon and inorganic carbon. Understanding the soil carbon cycle is the important prerequisite to study the carbon cycle of land ecosystem. As a new type of soil type city Soil has been widely concerned, with the deepening of urbanization, the scope and degree of urban soil impact is becoming more and more intense. The physical and chemical properties of urban soil changes with the change of soil types, and the other characteristics of the soil change. Organic carbon in urban soil is representative, and its change process is more disturbed by human factors, which is different from the organic carbon cycle process in natural soil or farmland. At the same time, the study of the inorganic carbon in the form of carbonates in the soil is also particularly important. The change of inorganic carbon content affects soil original nature. At the same time, the process of urbanization also affects the content and distribution of inorganic carbon in soil, and whether there is an indeterminate relationship between inorganic carbon and organic carbon. It is very necessary to analyze the content and distribution characteristics of inorganic carbon and organic carbon in urban soil. Kaifeng City has a long history and its development history causes its urban soil. In this study, the study took Kaifeng City as an example to analyze the changes of inorganic carbon, organic carbon and activated carbon content in the vertical direction and spatial distribution, the change trend of carbon density, the composition of carbon density, and the analysis of the factors affecting the carbon content. This study selected 62 profile points and 301 soil layers to carry out soil basic physical and chemical properties, inorganic carbon content, organic carbon. Content, water soluble inorganic carbon component and active carbon content determination. Through this study, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the change of inorganic carbon and organic carbon content in the urban soil of Kaifeng City presents diversity in the vertical direction, and the inorganic carbon content in the natural soil rises first and then then decreases with the depth in the vertical direction. In the spatial distribution, the order of inorganic carbon density in each functional area was: the 14.35kg/m2 administrative / residential area (13.10kg/m2) Industrial Zone (12.98kg/m2) leisure area (12.66kg/m2) traffic area (11.88kg/m2); the order of organic carbon density was: the administrative / residential area (53.99kg/m2) Industrial Zone (51.33kg/m2) cultural and educational area (44. 70kg/m2) leisure area (29.87kg/m2) traffic area (27.15kg/m2). The proportion of insoluble inorganic carbon in urban soil of Kaifeng City is large in the 1/3. (2) of the total carbon density, and the C in the form of HCO3- is dominant in the soluble inorganic carbon, and the vertical direction is different in the vertical direction, and the spatial distribution is in the order of leisure area. In the administrative / residential area, the content of active carbon in the industrial area is varied in the vertical direction. In space, the density of activated carbon is changed into the administrative / residential area of the industrial zone of the leisure area. (3) the selected samples are divided into two types of green space and non green space, the vertical change of the content of inorganic carbon in green space is relatively unified, and the non green space is diverse; The distribution of inorganic carbon content was the same as that of carbon density. The green space was the administrative / residential area of the industrial district, the recreational area of the cultural and educational area, the non green space was the administrative / residential area leisure area of the cultural and educational area, the inorganic carbon content and the carbon density of the non green space were higher than the green space. (4) the organic carbon content and the active carbon content of the green space and non green space were in the vertical direction. The content of organic carbon, the content of activated carbon and the density of carbon are all higher than the green space, and the content of organic carbon and carbon density, the content of activated carbon and carbon density in the spatial distribution sequence are not consistent.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S153.6

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