零陵区耕地地力评价及主要养分特性分析

发布时间：2018-06-19 23:39

本文选题：耕地 + 地力　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：耕地是人类获取食粮及其他农副产品最重要的资源,是人类赖以生存的基本生产资料,更是实现农业可持续发展的物质基础。本本以土地多源信息(土地利用现状图、土壤类型图和行政区划图)为基础,综合运用野外土壤样品采集、GIS空间分析法和层次分析法,对零陵区耕地地力情况进行综合、系统的分析与评价,通过了解该地区的耕地表层土壤养分特性,以提高耕地保养管理水平和耕地资源利用效率,促进零陵区农业的可持续发展。研究结果表明：(1)零陵区共有耕地36112.47 hm2,其中一级地面积为4588.40 hm2,占耕地总面积的12.71%；二级地有5328.87 hm2,占14.76%；三级地有4452.13 hm2,占12.33%；四级地有5071.20 hm2,占14.04%；五级地有4517.20 hm2,占12.51%；六级地有9778.73hm2,占27.08%；七级地有2375.93 hm2,占6.58%。(2)零陵区高产田共有9917.27 hm2,占耕地总面积的27.47%；中产田共有14040.53hm2,占38.88%；低产田共有12154.67 hm2.,占33.66%。零陵区以中低产田居多,其中邮亭圩镇的高产田和低产田最多,分别1671.47 hm2和1824.4 hm2,珠山镇的中产田最多,为1673.80 hm2。(3)零陵区耕地表层有机质含量具有高度的空间变异性,空间分布上,七里店街道最高,其次为凼底乡、菱角塘镇和接履桥镇。不同土壤类型的表层土壤有机质含量介于19.33-40.37 g/kg之间,相比第二次土壤普查数据,有机质含量呈现为上升趋势。(4)零陵区耕地表层全氮含量以石岩头镇最高,其次为菱角塘镇、珠山镇和凼底乡,全氮含量最小的为朝阳街道,仅为2.37 g/kg。不同土壤类型的耕地表层全氮含量大小依次为：紫色土红壤水稻土黑色石灰土红色石灰土潮土,相比第二次土壤普查数据,全氮含量呈现为上升趋势。(5)零陵区耕地土壤速效磷含量有明显的空间分异规律,不同等级有效磷含量在各乡镇的分布面积占全乡镇耕地总面积的比例具有明显差异。零陵区有效磷在3.25-49.73 mg/kg之间,水田土壤表层有效磷含量低于旱耕地。相比第二次土壤普查数据,速效磷含量呈现为上升趋势。(6)零陵区耕地速效钾的含量处于较低水平,不同土壤类型的耕地表层速效钾含量大小依次为：黑色石灰土红色石灰土水稻土紫色土红壤潮土,相比第二次土壤普查数据,速效钾含量呈现为上升趋势。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land is the most important resource for people to obtain food and other agricultural by-products, is the basic means of production on which human beings depend for survival, and is also the material basis for the sustainable development of agriculture. On the basis of land multi-source information (land use current situation map, soil type map and administrative division map), this paper synthetically uses field soil sample collection GIS spatial analysis method and analytic hierarchy process to synthesize the cultivated land fertility in the zero mausoleum area. Through the systematic analysis and evaluation, the characteristics of soil nutrients in the surface layer of cultivated land in this area are understood, in order to improve the level of cultivated land maintenance and management and the utilization efficiency of cultivated land resources, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture in the Lingling region. The research results show that there are 36112.47 hm2s of cultivated land in the zeroing region, in which the first-grade land area is 4588.40 hm2which accounts for 12.71th of the total cultivated land area; the second-grade land has 5328.87 hm2s, accounting for 14.76; the third-grade land has 4452.13 hm2s (12.33hm2); the fourth-grade land has 5071.20 hm2s (14.04th); the fifth-grade land has 4517.20 hm2s (12.51cm); There are 9778.73hm2in the sixth grade land, 27.08hm2in the seventh grade land, 2375.93 hm2s in the seventh grade land, and 9917.27 hm2s in the Lingling area, accounting for 27.47hm2 of the total cultivated area, 14040.53hm2in the middle yield field, 38.88hm2in the middle yield field, and 12154.67 hm2.in the low yield field, accounting for 33.66B. In the middle and low yield areas, the high and low yield fields were the most in Youting and low yielding areas, 1671.47 hm2 and 1824.4 hm2, respectively, and the middle yield fields in Zhushan were the most, which were 1673.80 hm2.03) the content of organic matter in the surface layer of cultivated land in the Lingling area had high spatial variability and spatial distribution, and the content of organic matter in the surface layer of the cultivated land in the Lingling area showed high spatial variability and spatial distribution. Qilidian Street is the highest, followed by Taipa Township, Lingjiao Tong Town and Peuqiao Town. The content of organic matter in topsoil of different soil types ranged from 19.33-40.37 g/kg. Compared with the data of the second soil census, the content of organic matter showed an upward trend. In Zhushan Town and Taipa Township, the lowest total nitrogen content was in Chaoyang Street, which was only 2.37 g / kg. The contents of total nitrogen in the surface layer of different soil types were: purple soil, red lime soil, paddy soil, black lime soil, red lime soil, tidal soil, compared with the data of the second soil survey. The total nitrogen content showed an upward trend.) the available phosphorus content of cultivated land in the Lingling region had obvious spatial differentiation rule, and the distribution area of the different grade available phosphorus content in the whole township cultivated land area had obvious difference in the proportion of the total cultivated land area of the whole township. The available phosphorus content in the topsoil of paddy field was lower than that in dry cultivated land in the range of 3.25-49.73 mg/kg. Compared with the data of the second soil census, the available phosphorus content showed an upward trend. The order of available potassium content in different soil types was: black lime soil, red lime soil, paddy soil, purple soil, red soil, tidal soil, compared with the second soil survey data, available potassium content showed an upward trend.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S158

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