小白山等跳科系统分类及桃树林土壤动物多样性研究
发布时间：2018-08-04 21:51
【摘要】：本文对张家口市小白山地区等跳科(Isotomidae)的系统分类及小白山桃树林中土壤动物的多样性进行了调查研究。介绍了等跳科的国内外研究历史与现状、形态特征及研究方法,给出了等跳科中国已知属的检索表。根据等跳科的角后器、小眼、弹器等形态特征和世界已知种的检索表,对小白山地区的等跳科进行了系统分类,经鉴定隶属于5属10种,分别为德跳属(D.divergens,D.multisetis,D.trispinata)、符跳属(F.octoculata)、裔符跳属(F.centralis)、等节跳属(I.anglicana,I.nepalica,I.riparia,I.viridis)和图跳属(T.hebeiensis sp.nov)。其中T.hebeiensis sp.nov为1个新种。对等跳科的5个属(德跳属、符跳属、裔符跳属、等节跳属和图跳属)进行了整理和描述,给出了符跳属中国已知种的检索表和图跳属世界已知种的检索表,详细的描述了10个种(D.divergens,D.multisetis,D.trispinata,F.octoculata,F.centralis,I.anglicana,I.nepalica,I.riparia,I.viridis和T.hebeiensis sp.nov)的形态特征,并绘制了各种的形态特征图。选取了小白山桃树林中3个具有代表性的样方,采用手捡法和五点取样法相结合的方法收集土壤动物,共获得土壤样品54个。运用Tullgren干漏斗法分离土壤样品中的土壤动物,共获得土壤动物4350只,隶属于2纲4目7科。其中优势类群为粉螨科、奥甲螨科、囊螨科、棘跳科,分别占个体总数的44.83%、19.54%、17.24%、12.64%;常见类群为罗甲螨科、摇蚊科、薪甲科,分别占个体总数的2.30%、2.30%、1.15%;没有稀有类群。土壤动物个体数的垂直分布不具有表聚现象。3个样方的土壤动物多样性存在着一定的差异。Shannon-Wiener指数(H')的大小排列顺序为样方2样方1样方3;Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)的大小排列顺序为样方3样方2样方1;Simpson优势度指数(C)的大小排列顺序为样方1样方3样方2;Margalef丰富度指数(M)的大小排列顺序为样方2样方1样方3。样方之间的相似性为中等相似。本研究为小白山地区等跳科的系统分类及相关研究提供了基础资料;为小白山桃树林桃产量的提高、科学管理以及土壤动物多样性的保护提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:The systematic classification of (Isotomidae) in Xiaobai Mountain area of Zhangjiakou City and the diversity of soil animals in the forest of Xiaobaishantao were investigated in this paper. This paper introduces the research history and present situation, morphological characteristics and research methods of Isochonidae at home and abroad, and gives a search table of the known genera of Isohopaceae in China. According to the morphological characteristics of the family isopodiaceae, such as horniness, small eye, projectile and so on, and according to the retrieval table of known species in the world, the isopodidae in Xiaobai Mountain area were systematically classified and identified as belonging to 10 species belonging to 5 genera. They are D. divergensus D. multisetisd D. trispinata, F.octoculata, F.centralis, I. nepalicia, I. riparia and T.hebeiensis sp.nov, respectively. T.hebeiensis sp.nov is a new species. In this paper, five genera of the genus Euphorbia (Tetranychus, Eupacia, Isokopsis, Isokoptera) have been arranged and described, and the search tables of the known species in China and the known species in the world have been given. The morphological characteristics of 10 species (D. divergensus D. multisetisa, F. octoculata F. centralisana I. nepalicia Iriparia I. viridis and T.hebeiensis sp.nov) are described in detail, and various morphological features are plotted. The soil animals were collected by hand picking method and five-point sampling method, and 54 soil samples were obtained. Soil animals were isolated from soil samples by Tullgren dry funnel method. A total of 4350 soil animals were obtained, belonging to 2 classes, 4 orders and 7 families. Among them, the dominant groups were Acaridae, Acaridae, acariidae and Acanthidae, which accounted for 44.83% of the total number of individuals, respectively, and 19.54m 17.247.24v 12.64cm, and the common groups were Aracidae, Chironomidae and Geniaceae, which accounted for 2.302.301.15 of the total number of individuals, respectively, and there were no rare groups. The vertical distribution of individual number of soil animals has no apparent aggregation phenomenon. There are some differences in soil animal diversity among the three plots. The order of the size of Shannon-Wiener index (H') is that of the size of sample 2, sample 1, sample 3, Pielou evenness index (Jsw). The order of listing was as follows: the order of dominance index (C) was that of sample 1, 2, 2, 2, and the order of the size of (M) was that of 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 and 3. The similarity between the samples is medium similarity. This study provides the basic data for the systematic classification and related research of the isopodidae in Xiaobai Mountain area, and provides the theoretical basis for the increase of peach yield, the scientific management and the protection of the diversity of soil animals in Xiaobaishantao forest.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S154;Q969
本文编号：2165276
[Abstract]:The systematic classification of (Isotomidae) in Xiaobai Mountain area of Zhangjiakou City and the diversity of soil animals in the forest of Xiaobaishantao were investigated in this paper. This paper introduces the research history and present situation, morphological characteristics and research methods of Isochonidae at home and abroad, and gives a search table of the known genera of Isohopaceae in China. According to the morphological characteristics of the family isopodiaceae, such as horniness, small eye, projectile and so on, and according to the retrieval table of known species in the world, the isopodidae in Xiaobai Mountain area were systematically classified and identified as belonging to 10 species belonging to 5 genera. They are D. divergensus D. multisetisd D. trispinata, F.octoculata, F.centralis, I. nepalicia, I. riparia and T.hebeiensis sp.nov, respectively. T.hebeiensis sp.nov is a new species. In this paper, five genera of the genus Euphorbia (Tetranychus, Eupacia, Isokopsis, Isokoptera) have been arranged and described, and the search tables of the known species in China and the known species in the world have been given. The morphological characteristics of 10 species (D. divergensus D. multisetisa, F. octoculata F. centralisana I. nepalicia Iriparia I. viridis and T.hebeiensis sp.nov) are described in detail, and various morphological features are plotted. The soil animals were collected by hand picking method and five-point sampling method, and 54 soil samples were obtained. Soil animals were isolated from soil samples by Tullgren dry funnel method. A total of 4350 soil animals were obtained, belonging to 2 classes, 4 orders and 7 families. Among them, the dominant groups were Acaridae, Acaridae, acariidae and Acanthidae, which accounted for 44.83% of the total number of individuals, respectively, and 19.54m 17.247.24v 12.64cm, and the common groups were Aracidae, Chironomidae and Geniaceae, which accounted for 2.302.301.15 of the total number of individuals, respectively, and there were no rare groups. The vertical distribution of individual number of soil animals has no apparent aggregation phenomenon. There are some differences in soil animal diversity among the three plots. The order of the size of Shannon-Wiener index (H') is that of the size of sample 2, sample 1, sample 3, Pielou evenness index (Jsw). The order of listing was as follows: the order of dominance index (C) was that of sample 1, 2, 2, 2, and the order of the size of (M) was that of 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 and 3. The similarity between the samples is medium similarity. This study provides the basic data for the systematic classification and related research of the isopodidae in Xiaobai Mountain area, and provides the theoretical basis for the increase of peach yield, the scientific management and the protection of the diversity of soil animals in Xiaobaishantao forest.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S154;Q969
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