基于多源遥感数据四川省伏旱监测
发布时间：2018-08-05 14:20
【摘要】：四川是一个地貌复杂、气候多样且自然灾害频发的地区,其中受旱灾影响的范围广、历时长,对区域工农业生产、人民生活、生态环境等造成重大影响。近年来,四川省受干旱灾害影响逐年加重,并且呈频发趋势。因此,以一种有效且适用于四川地区的旱情检测方法进行干旱监测,不仅为防旱减灾工作的开展提供有针对性的理论依据,而且有助于社会、经济以及环境的稳定发展。目前,国内外利用遥感数据进行干旱监测的方法有很多。卫星遥感TM数据、MODIS数据、降水TRMM数据,以及国内的环境小卫星数据和风云系列卫星数据等已广泛应用于实时动态旱情监测领域;可见光-近红外、热红外和微波遥感等监测模型和方法能够普遍且较好地适用于各区域的旱情监测,其中温度植被指数旱情监测模型多应用于四川省。但是四川属于湿润半湿润的气候特征,受多云天气的影响,加之复杂的地势地貌,以及地表覆被的垂直地带性差异明显,使得常规旱情监测模型的应用受到限制。本文以四川省日趋严重的夏季高温伏旱为切入点,考虑了研究区域地形复杂导致的气候的显著差异,从农业旱情发生发展的植被覆盖和地表温度的外在表征以及降雨的内在因素两方面,充分利用MODIS、TRMM和DEM多源遥感数据,构建综合地表温度、植被覆盖和降水的旱情遥感监测SDCI模型,并通过与常规旱情监测方法相关分析,确定最适于四川这一农业大区旱情监测模型SDCI的最优权重组合。在此基础上通过与研究区历年干旱频率和土壤墒情实测数据的验证分析,划分符合研究区夏季高温伏旱SDCI旱情监测模型的干旱等级阈值,进行综合考虑植被、温度和降雨的四川地区夏季伏旱的等级区划。研究结果表明:四川地势东西高差悬殊,气候多样致使植被种类和长势均有不同,故根据地势地貌将研究区划分为川西高原地区、高原与盆地过度区、川东盆地地区。川东盆地地区最大伏旱频率约为66%左右,位于盆地大部分地区,其中盆地东北部的达县、南充和巴中东南地区,西北部的绵阳、德阳以及东南部的资阳、自贡、宜宾和泸州等地伏旱发生频率尤为显著;盆地与高原过渡区最大伏旱频率约为35%左右,多发生于川南高山地区,以攀枝花和西昌南部及西南部较为突出;川西高原地区受季节性和永久性积雪冰川覆盖影响较大,故干旱频率约为20%左右,多分布于其南部和西南地区,在西昌西北地区、康定中部和马尔康西、东南部地区伏旱偶有发生。高温伏旱多发生于2000、2002、2003、2005、2006、2007、2009、2011和2013年8月中旬至9月中旬,并且分布范围广泛,虽然6-8月伏旱时有发生,但伏旱强度不大且范围相对较小。
[Abstract]:Sichuan is a region with complex landforms, diverse climate and frequent natural disasters, in which drought affects a wide range and has a long history, which has a great impact on regional industrial and agricultural production, people's life, ecological environment and so on. In recent years, Sichuan Province has been affected by drought disasters year by year, and the trend of frequent occurrence. Therefore, drought monitoring with an effective and suitable drought detection method in Sichuan region not only provides a theoretical basis for drought prevention and disaster reduction, but also contributes to the stable development of society, economy and environment. At present, there are many methods for drought monitoring using remote sensing data at home and abroad. Satellite remote sensing TM data such as MODIS data, precipitation TRMM data, domestic environmental small satellite data and wind and cloud series satellite data have been widely used in the field of real-time dynamic drought monitoring. The monitoring models and methods such as thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing can be widely and well applied to drought monitoring in various regions, in which the temperature vegetation index drought monitoring model is widely used in Sichuan Province. However, Sichuan is a humid and semi-humid climate, which is affected by cloudy weather, combined with the complex topography, and the obvious difference of vertical zonation of surface cover, which limits the application of conventional drought monitoring model. Based on the increasingly serious summer high temperature and drought in Sichuan Province, this paper considers the significant difference of climate caused by the complex topography in the study area. From the external representation of vegetation cover and surface temperature and the internal factors of rainfall, the comprehensive surface temperature is constructed by using the multi-source remote sensing data of MODISTRMM and DEM. The SDCI model of drought monitoring based on vegetation cover and precipitation was established by correlation analysis with the conventional drought monitoring method to determine the optimal weight combination of the drought monitoring model SDCI which is most suitable for this agricultural region in Sichuan province. On this basis, through the validation and analysis of drought frequency and soil moisture measured data over the years in the study area, the drought grade threshold of SDCI drought monitoring model for high temperature and drought in summer in the study area was divided, and the vegetation was considered synthetically. Temperature and rainfall of the Sichuan area in summer drought grade division. The results show that there is a great difference in height between east and west of Sichuan, and the diversity of climate leads to different vegetation types and growth. Therefore, the study area is divided into western Sichuan plateau area, plateau and basin transitional area, and eastern Sichuan basin area according to the topographic landform. The maximum frequency of drought in eastern Sichuan Basin is about 66%. It is located in most areas of the basin, including Daxian in the northeast of the basin, Nanchong and southeastern Bazhong, Mianyang and Deyang in the northwest, and Ziyang and Zigong in the southeast. In Yibin and Luzhou, the frequency of drought is about 35% in the transitional area of the basin and plateau, mostly in the high mountain area of south Sichuan, especially in the south and southwest of Panzhihua and Xichang. The seasonal and permanent snow and glacier cover affects the western Sichuan Plateau greatly, so the frequency of drought is about 20%, mostly distributed in the south and southwest of Sichuan, in the northwest of Xichang, in the middle of Kangding and Marcomcie, in the northwest of Xichang, in the central part of Kangding and in Marcomcie. Drought has occasionally occurred in the southeastern part of the country. The high temperature drought occurred in the middle of August, 2011 and in mid-September 2013, and the drought occurred frequently in June and August, but the intensity of drought was not large and the range was relatively small.
【学位授予单位】：成都信息工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S423
本文编号：2166054
[Abstract]:Sichuan is a region with complex landforms, diverse climate and frequent natural disasters, in which drought affects a wide range and has a long history, which has a great impact on regional industrial and agricultural production, people's life, ecological environment and so on. In recent years, Sichuan Province has been affected by drought disasters year by year, and the trend of frequent occurrence. Therefore, drought monitoring with an effective and suitable drought detection method in Sichuan region not only provides a theoretical basis for drought prevention and disaster reduction, but also contributes to the stable development of society, economy and environment. At present, there are many methods for drought monitoring using remote sensing data at home and abroad. Satellite remote sensing TM data such as MODIS data, precipitation TRMM data, domestic environmental small satellite data and wind and cloud series satellite data have been widely used in the field of real-time dynamic drought monitoring. The monitoring models and methods such as thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing can be widely and well applied to drought monitoring in various regions, in which the temperature vegetation index drought monitoring model is widely used in Sichuan Province. However, Sichuan is a humid and semi-humid climate, which is affected by cloudy weather, combined with the complex topography, and the obvious difference of vertical zonation of surface cover, which limits the application of conventional drought monitoring model. Based on the increasingly serious summer high temperature and drought in Sichuan Province, this paper considers the significant difference of climate caused by the complex topography in the study area. From the external representation of vegetation cover and surface temperature and the internal factors of rainfall, the comprehensive surface temperature is constructed by using the multi-source remote sensing data of MODISTRMM and DEM. The SDCI model of drought monitoring based on vegetation cover and precipitation was established by correlation analysis with the conventional drought monitoring method to determine the optimal weight combination of the drought monitoring model SDCI which is most suitable for this agricultural region in Sichuan province. On this basis, through the validation and analysis of drought frequency and soil moisture measured data over the years in the study area, the drought grade threshold of SDCI drought monitoring model for high temperature and drought in summer in the study area was divided, and the vegetation was considered synthetically. Temperature and rainfall of the Sichuan area in summer drought grade division. The results show that there is a great difference in height between east and west of Sichuan, and the diversity of climate leads to different vegetation types and growth. Therefore, the study area is divided into western Sichuan plateau area, plateau and basin transitional area, and eastern Sichuan basin area according to the topographic landform. The maximum frequency of drought in eastern Sichuan Basin is about 66%. It is located in most areas of the basin, including Daxian in the northeast of the basin, Nanchong and southeastern Bazhong, Mianyang and Deyang in the northwest, and Ziyang and Zigong in the southeast. In Yibin and Luzhou, the frequency of drought is about 35% in the transitional area of the basin and plateau, mostly in the high mountain area of south Sichuan, especially in the south and southwest of Panzhihua and Xichang. The seasonal and permanent snow and glacier cover affects the western Sichuan Plateau greatly, so the frequency of drought is about 20%, mostly distributed in the south and southwest of Sichuan, in the northwest of Xichang, in the middle of Kangding and Marcomcie, in the northwest of Xichang, in the central part of Kangding and in Marcomcie. Drought has occasionally occurred in the southeastern part of the country. The high temperature drought occurred in the middle of August, 2011 and in mid-September 2013, and the drought occurred frequently in June and August, but the intensity of drought was not large and the range was relatively small.
【学位授予单位】：成都信息工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S423
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 邢启新;马明奎;高峰;刘爽;赵秀英;;遥感技术在2014年吉林省西部春旱监测中的应用[J];现代农业科技;2014年17期
，本文编号：2166054
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