异色瓢虫胁迫对棉铃虫生长发育及压力蛋白基因表达的影响

发布时间：2018-08-23 13:01

【摘要】：【目的】明确不同食源异色瓢虫(Harmonia axyridis)胁迫对棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)生长发育和变态发育的影响,探讨棉铃虫是否能感知并分级捕食风险、能否在生长发育和变态发育上体现出权衡效应;明确长时和短时胁迫对棉铃虫压力蛋白基因表达的影响,探讨异色瓢虫胁迫能否引起棉铃虫分子水平上的生理反应。【方法】通过设置7种不同食源的异色瓢虫胁迫处理(饥饿处理、虾卵处理、棉铃虫幼虫处理、棉铃虫卵处理、蚜虫处理、蚜虫对照处理、对照处理),观察记录棉铃虫在胁迫下的生长发育(幼虫历期、蛹历期、雌雄蛾寿命、总寿命)和变态发育(蛹重、化蛹率、羽化失败率、卷翅率)指标;设置长时(1龄幼虫至3日龄成虫)和短时(15 min至6 h)异色瓢虫胁迫处理,利用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)技术检测棉铃虫压力蛋白基因(即热激蛋白基因)Hsp70和Hsp90及热激同源蛋白基因Hsc70在胁迫后的表达水平变化。【结果】在捕食性天敌异色瓢虫的胁迫下,棉铃虫幼虫历期、蛹期、雌雄蛾寿命、总寿命均显著性缩短,蛹重和化蛹率显著性下降,成虫卷翅率显著性升高,而羽化失败率无显著性变化。在不同食源的天敌胁迫下,棉铃虫幼虫历期在异色瓢虫取食蚜虫时最短,蛹历期在瓢虫取食棉铃虫卵时最短,总寿命在瓢虫取食虾卵时最短,而雌雄蛾寿命在不同食源天敌胁迫下未表现出显著性差异;棉铃虫成虫卷翅率在瓢虫取食棉铃虫卵时最高,而蛹重、化蛹率、羽化失败率在不同食源天敌胁迫下未表现出显著性差异。压力蛋白基因Hsp70和Hsp90在短时胁迫下(Hsp70:30min至3 h;Hsp90:15 min、1.5 h、2 h、6 h)表达水平显著性上调,热激同源蛋白基因Hsc70在长时胁迫下(5龄幼虫、预蛹、雄蛹、雌蛾阶段)表达水平显著性上调。【结论】在面对捕食性天敌异色瓢虫长时胁迫作用下,棉铃虫各生长发育阶段均出现缩短的现象,即棉铃虫为躲避被捕食风险表现出了发育加速的现象,而快速的生长发育在一定程度上干扰了变态发育,导致蛹重和化蛹率下降,成虫卷翅率提高,符合权衡效应。棉铃虫对不同食源的天敌胁迫具有不同程度的敏感性,即棉铃虫对潜在的捕食风险可能存在一定的分级能力,但这种分级能力没有得到规律性体现。异色瓢虫胁迫能够引起棉铃虫分子层面的生理反应,导致压力蛋白基因的表达上调,其中压力蛋白基因Hsp70和Hsp90受到短时胁迫的反应较为明显,而热激同源蛋白基因Hsc70受到慢性胁迫刺激的反应更为显著。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the effects of (Harmonia axyridis) stress on the growth and metamorphosis of Helicoverpa armigera (Helicoverpa armigera), and to explore whether Helicoverpa armigera can perceive and classify the predation risk and reflect the tradeoff between growth and metamorphosis. To determine the effect of long and short term stress on the expression of stress protein gene in Helicoverpa armigera. To study the physiological response of Helicoverpa armigera (Helicoverpa armigera) under different stress conditions at molecular level. [methods] the stress treatments of 7 different feeding sources (starvation treatment, shrimp egg treatment, cotton bollworm larva treatment, cotton bollworm egg treatment) were used to study the physiological response of Helicoverpa armigera on molecular level. The growth and development of cotton bollworm under stress (larva duration, pupae duration, female and male moth life span, total life span) and metamorphosis (pupa weight, pupation rate, emergence failure rate) were observed and recorded in aphid treatment, aphid control treatment and control treatment. The index of wing winding rate, the stress treatment of long time (1 instar larva to 3 days old adult) and short time (15 min to 6 h), The expression of stress protein gene (heat shock protein gene) Hsp70 and Hsp90 and heat shock homologous protein gene (Hsc70) in Helicoverpa armigera were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (q RT-PCR. [results] under the stress of predatory natural enemy, the stress level of Helicoverpa armigera was studied. The larval duration, pupal stage, female and male moth life span and total life span of Helicoverpa armigera were significantly shortened, pupae weight and pupation rate decreased significantly, and the wing coiling rate of adult increased significantly, but the Eclosion failure rate did not change significantly. Under the stress of natural enemies from different feeding sources, the larval duration of Helicoverpa armigera was the shortest in feeding aphids, the pupa period was the shortest in feeding eggs of Helicoverpa armigera, and the total life span was the shortest in feeding on shrimp eggs. However, there was no significant difference in the longevity of female and male moth under different natural enemy stress, and the rate of coiling wings of cotton bollworm was the highest, but the weight of pupa and the rate of pupation were the highest when the female and male moth were feeding on the eggs of Helicoverpa armigera. There was no significant difference in Eclosion failure rate under different natural enemy stress. The expression levels of stress protein gene Hsp70 and Hsp90 were significantly up-regulated under short-term stress (Hsp70:30min to 3 h Hsp90: 15 min, 1.5 h, 2 h and 6 h), and the heat shock homologous protein gene Hsc70 (5 instar larva, prepupae, male pupa) was significantly up-regulated under long term stress (5 instar larva, prepupae, male pupa). [conclusion] the growth and development stages of Helicoverpa armigera were shortened under long-term stress. In other words, cotton bollworm showed the phenomenon of accelerated development in order to avoid the predation risk, and the rapid growth and development interfered with metamorphosis to a certain extent, resulting in the decrease of pupae weight and pupation rate, and the increase of adult wing winding rate, which was in line with the tradeoff effect. Helicoverpa armigera has different degree of sensitivity to natural enemy stress from different feeding sources, that is, cotton bollworm may have a certain grading ability to potential predation risk, but this classification ability is not reflected regularly. Stress induced physiological response of Helicoverpa armigera at molecular level and up-regulated the expression of stress protein gene. The stress protein genes Hsp70 and Hsp90 were more obvious under short-term stress. The response of heat shock homologous protein gene Hsc70 to chronic stress was more significant.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学植物保护学院;全国农业技术推广服务中心;北京派得伟业科技发展有限公司;山东省邹城市植物保护站;河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所;昌黎县科学技术局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31572018)
【分类号】：S433;S476.2

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