基于土壤线虫群落分析的油页岩废渣地不同植被类型恢复过程中的土壤食物网能流状况

发布时间：2018-08-28 11:32

【摘要】：土壤健康与生态系统功能是当前生态学研究的重要课题。土壤线虫是评价生态系统健康状况的指示生物,特别是用于评价土壤污染和恢复的过程。对广东茂名油页岩废渣场人工实施不同生态恢复改造状况下的土壤线虫属的重要值及土壤线虫反映的土壤食物网能量通道进行了分析,以通过污染地土壤食物网内的能量流动状况反映种植不同植物物种相同时间后的土壤养分与健康状况。结果表明在废渣场种植不同植物物种约8年后,乌墨林和大叶相思林下土壤线虫类群数(属)分别为54和45,重要值最高的是食细菌的棱咽属(Prismatolaimus)和拟丽突属(Acrobeloides);而红荷林和荒草地的线虫类群数分别为41和38,重要值最高的是杂食性的真矛线属(Eudorylaimus);废渣地线虫属的数量最少,仅为34个,重要值最高的是食真菌的丝尾垫刃属(Filenchus)和滑刃属(Aphelenchoides)。食物网能流分析表明:细菌能流通道比重最高的是大叶相思林和乌墨林,而真菌能流通道比重最高的是废渣地,红荷林和荒草地居中,各样地植物能流通道比重都比较小,仅为2%—10%之间。总体来讲,在有植被覆盖的生态系统,养分周转更快,特别是乌墨和大叶相思林,而无植被的废渣地,土壤养分周转速率倾向于更慢的真菌能流通道,这表明在养分条件比较差的情况下,真菌通道的食物网可能会起更大的作用。研究还说明了在油页岩废弃地恢复过程中,植物资源的输入不仅仅刺激植物能流通道,同时也会刺激细菌和真菌能流通道,植被是土壤线虫群落发展的主要驱动力。
[Abstract]:Soil health and ecosystem function are important subjects in ecological research. Soil nematodes are indicators of ecosystem health, especially for the assessment of soil pollution and restoration. The important value of soil nematode and the energy channel of soil food net reflected by soil nematode were analyzed in Maoming Oil Shale waste site of Guangdong Province under different ecological restoration conditions. In order to reflect the soil nutrient and health status after planting different plant species for the same time, the energy flow in the soil food web of polluted land was studied. The results showed that after 8 years of planting different plant species in the waste yard, The numbers of soil nematode groups were 54 and 45, respectively. The most important values were (Prismatolaimus) and (Acrobeloides);, respectively, while the numbers of nematode groups in Herb and grassland were 41 and 38, respectively. The highest is the lowest number of (Eudorylaimus); waste nematodes, which are omnivorous. There are only 34, the most important of which are (Filenchus) and (Aphelenchoides)., which are edible fungi. The analysis of energy flow in food web showed that the highest proportion of bacterial energy flow channel was Acacia macrophylla and Umbeline, while the highest proportion of fungous energy flow channel was waste land, the red lotus forest and barren grassland were in the middle, and the proportion of plant energy flow channel was relatively small in all kinds of land. Between two and ten percent. In general, in vegetation-covered ecosystems, nutrient turnover is faster, especially in black ink and Acacia macrophylla, while in vegetation-free waste land, soil nutrient turnover rates tend to be slower fungal pathways. This suggests that the fungous passage food web may play a greater role in the condition of poor nutrient conditions. The study also shows that the input of plant resources not only stimulates the passage of plant energy, but also stimulates the energy flow of bacteria and fungi during the restoration of oil shale wasteland. Vegetation is the main driving force for the development of soil nematode community.
【作者单位】：中国科学院华南植物园退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室;中国科学院大学;河南大学环境与规划学院黄河中下游数字地理技术实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31470559,31210103920) 广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2015A030313783)
【分类号】：S154.1

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