DNA和cDNA水平对比研究施肥对稻田土壤细菌多样性的影响

发布时间：2018-08-31 17:00

【摘要】：依托长沙农业环境观测研究站不同施肥方式长期定位试验,直接从土壤中抽提总DNA和RNA,应用T-RFLP和RTPCR技术在DNA和c DNA水平对比研究施肥对亚热带稻田土壤细菌丰度和群落结构的影响.结果表明,施肥和秸秆还田显著改变了土壤细菌群落组成(DNA水平)和转录组成(c DNA水平)结构,且不同处理中DNA水平的T-RFLP图谱与cDNA水平相差很大.施肥和秸秆还田降低了土壤中存在的细菌多样性,对土壤中转录的细菌多样性没有影响.土壤16S rRNA基因丰度(DNA水平)平均是其转录丰度(c DNA水平)的337倍,与不施氮肥处理(N0)相比,平衡施肥(NPK)没有改变土壤细菌的数量,在平衡施肥的基础上进行秸秆还田增加了土壤细菌的数量,但高量与低量秸秆还田没有显著差异.RDA分析表明,稻田土壤中铵态氮含量是调控各处理土壤中存在及转录的细菌群落的关键因子.总体而言,不管在DNA还是c DNA水平,研究施肥对土壤细菌丰度的影响均是可行并可信的;但只有在c DNA水平开展研究,才能有效发现细菌群落对环境的适应性.
[Abstract]:Depending on Changsha Agricultural Environment observation Research Station, the long-term localization test of different fertilization methods, Direct extraction of total DNA and RNA, from soil using T-RFLP and RTPCR techniques at DNA and c DNA levels the effects of fertilization on bacterial abundance and community structure in subtropical paddy soils were studied. The results showed that fertilization and straw application significantly changed the composition of soil bacterial community (DNA level) and transcription composition (c DNA level), and the T-RFLP map of DNA level was significantly different from that of cDNA level in different treatments. Fertilization and straw application reduced the diversity of bacteria in soil, but had no effect on the diversity of bacteria transcribed in soil. Soil 16s rRNA gene abundance (DNA level) was 337-fold higher than its transcription abundance (c DNA level. Compared with non-N fertilizer treatment (N0), balanced fertilization (NPK) did not change the number of soil bacteria. On the basis of balanced fertilization, returning straw to the field increased the number of soil bacteria, but there was no significant difference between high and low amount of straw returning to the field. RDA analysis showed that, The content of ammonium nitrogen in paddy soil is the key factor to regulate the existing and transcriptional bacterial communities in different treatments. In general, it is feasible and credible to study the effect of fertilization on soil bacterial abundance at DNA or c DNA level, but only by studying at c DNA level can the adaptability of bacterial community to the environment be found effectively.
【作者单位】：中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室公共技术服务中心;中国科学院大学;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所桃源农业生态试验站;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所长沙农业环境观测研究站;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B03,2013BAD11B02) 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2012CB417106) 国家自然科学基金项目(41271280)
【分类号】：S154.3

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