基于GIS与数据挖掘技术的土壤肥力评价研究
发布时间：2018-09-02 05:44
【摘要】：土壤肥力是土壤可持续发展的基础,土壤肥力的高低直接影响着农产品的品质和产量,因此土壤肥力的评价对农业生产有十分重要的意义。土壤肥力因素的时空变异规律是评价土壤肥力高低的重要指标,也是指导配方施肥的重要依据。针对目前土壤肥力评价存在的问题,为了更好地促进农业信息化、现代化的发展,本文进行了基于GIS与数据挖掘技术的土壤肥力评价研究,主要研究内容如下:(1)在土壤养分空间数据库的支持下,利用地理信息系统技术中的自然邻域法插值算法,对农安县开安镇2008-2010年连续三年间精准施肥后土壤养分的空间变异情况进行了研究。绘制了连续三年的开安镇土壤碱解氮、速效钾的空间变异图,并根据空间变异图对该镇土壤肥力状况进行了评价。在此基础上,绘制了土壤碱解氮含量在110-140mg/kg区间、速效钾含量在100-160mg/kg区间的连续三年面积比重图。从研究结果可看出:精准施肥后该镇土壤碱解氮的空间变异特性发生了明显变化,土壤碱解氮含量和速效钾含量在此区间内的面积比重逐年增大,表明土壤肥力差异性逐渐差异变小。这一结果,为依据空间分析技术,提高土壤肥力评价的科学性和客观性探明了一条有效途径。(2)关联规则挖掘是数据挖掘技术在农业领域中应用的重要算法之一,依据关联规则算法能够发现农业大数据中属性之间的相互关联性。本文结合土壤养分含量和玉米产量,运用关联规则的数据挖掘方法,进行了农安县开安镇土壤养分各指标置信度、支持度等关联属性的分析研究,探明了碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷与玉米产量间的相关性及各属性间的关联度,其挖掘出的知识规则为评价土壤肥力奠定了一定基础。(3)针对开安镇的土壤肥力属性,运用地理信息系统软件工程的理论和方法,设计并开发了基于GIS和数据挖掘的土壤肥力评价系统。以开安镇为研究区域,设计开发出含有用户管理、空间数据显示与查询、专题数据编辑与修改、空间专题数据分析、关联规则与肥力分析评价等五个功能模块的土壤肥力评价系统。应用该评价系统,为农业生产提供指导,为决策提供技术支持。本文以空间数据库、地理信息系统、关联规则挖掘为技术进行的土壤肥力评价研究,在此研究基础上实现的土壤肥力评价系统,可以提高农业技术推广的现代化水平。
[Abstract]:Soil fertility is the basis of soil sustainable development, and the soil fertility directly affects the quality and yield of agricultural products. Therefore, the evaluation of soil fertility is of great significance to agricultural production. The temporal and spatial variation of soil fertility factors is an important index to evaluate soil fertility and also an important basis to guide the formulation of fertilizer. In order to promote the development of agricultural informatization and modernization, the evaluation of soil fertility based on GIS and data mining technology was studied in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: (1) with the support of soil nutrient spatial database, the natural neighborhood interpolation algorithm in GIS technology is used. The spatial variation of soil nutrients in Kaian Town of Nong'an County during 2008-2010 after precision fertilization was studied. The spatial variation map of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in Kaianzhen for three consecutive years was drawn, and the soil fertility was evaluated according to spatial variation map. On the basis of this, the area specific gravity map of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in 110-140mg/kg region and available potassium content in 100-160mg/kg region was plotted for three consecutive years. It can be seen from the results of the study that the spatial variation characteristics of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in this town have changed obviously after precise fertilization, and the area proportion of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in this area has increased year by year. The results showed that the difference of soil fertility gradually became smaller. The results prove an effective way to improve the scientific and objective evaluation of soil fertility based on spatial analysis technology. (2) Association rule mining is one of the most important algorithms in the application of data mining technology in the field of agriculture. According to the association rules algorithm, the correlation between the attributes in agricultural big data can be found. Based on soil nutrient content and corn yield, this paper analyzed and studied the correlation properties of soil nutrient index confidence and support degree in Kaian Town, Nong'an County by using association rule data mining method. The results showed that alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium, and so on. The correlation between available phosphorus and maize yield and the correlation degree among each attribute, the rules of knowledge excavated by them laid a foundation for evaluating soil fertility. (3) aiming at the soil fertility attribute of Kaian Town, Based on the theory and method of GIS software engineering, a soil fertility evaluation system based on GIS and data mining is designed and developed. Taking Kaian Town as the research area, the design and development includes user management, spatial data display and query, thematic data editing and modification, spatial thematic data analysis, Soil fertility evaluation system based on five functional modules, association rules and fertility analysis and evaluation. The application of the evaluation system provides guidance for agricultural production and technical support for decision-making. The soil fertility evaluation system based on spatial database, geographic information system and association rule mining is studied in this paper. Based on this research, the evaluation system of soil fertility can improve the modernization level of agricultural technology extension.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S158;TP311.13
本文编号：2218436
[Abstract]:Soil fertility is the basis of soil sustainable development, and the soil fertility directly affects the quality and yield of agricultural products. Therefore, the evaluation of soil fertility is of great significance to agricultural production. The temporal and spatial variation of soil fertility factors is an important index to evaluate soil fertility and also an important basis to guide the formulation of fertilizer. In order to promote the development of agricultural informatization and modernization, the evaluation of soil fertility based on GIS and data mining technology was studied in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: (1) with the support of soil nutrient spatial database, the natural neighborhood interpolation algorithm in GIS technology is used. The spatial variation of soil nutrients in Kaian Town of Nong'an County during 2008-2010 after precision fertilization was studied. The spatial variation map of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in Kaianzhen for three consecutive years was drawn, and the soil fertility was evaluated according to spatial variation map. On the basis of this, the area specific gravity map of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in 110-140mg/kg region and available potassium content in 100-160mg/kg region was plotted for three consecutive years. It can be seen from the results of the study that the spatial variation characteristics of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in this town have changed obviously after precise fertilization, and the area proportion of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in this area has increased year by year. The results showed that the difference of soil fertility gradually became smaller. The results prove an effective way to improve the scientific and objective evaluation of soil fertility based on spatial analysis technology. (2) Association rule mining is one of the most important algorithms in the application of data mining technology in the field of agriculture. According to the association rules algorithm, the correlation between the attributes in agricultural big data can be found. Based on soil nutrient content and corn yield, this paper analyzed and studied the correlation properties of soil nutrient index confidence and support degree in Kaian Town, Nong'an County by using association rule data mining method. The results showed that alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium, and so on. The correlation between available phosphorus and maize yield and the correlation degree among each attribute, the rules of knowledge excavated by them laid a foundation for evaluating soil fertility. (3) aiming at the soil fertility attribute of Kaian Town, Based on the theory and method of GIS software engineering, a soil fertility evaluation system based on GIS and data mining is designed and developed. Taking Kaian Town as the research area, the design and development includes user management, spatial data display and query, thematic data editing and modification, spatial thematic data analysis, Soil fertility evaluation system based on five functional modules, association rules and fertility analysis and evaluation. The application of the evaluation system provides guidance for agricultural production and technical support for decision-making. The soil fertility evaluation system based on spatial database, geographic information system and association rule mining is studied in this paper. Based on this research, the evaluation system of soil fertility can improve the modernization level of agricultural technology extension.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S158;TP311.13
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