关帝山针叶林土壤细菌群落结构特征

发布时间：2018-09-04 08:38

【摘要】：【目的】分析环境与空间因素在寒温性针叶林土壤细菌群落构建中的作用,为区域森林生态系统管理措施的制定提供理论依据。【方法】利用Illumina高通量测序技术分析关帝山庞泉沟自然保护区华北落叶松林(Lp)、青gD林(Pw)以及油松林(Pt)4个土壤细菌群落(LpMC1、LpMC2、PwMC和PtMC)的结构,同时测定土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性,探讨细菌群落结构与森林类型和土壤环境因子的相关性。【结果】1)在该区域的森林土壤细菌群落中,变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门、浮霉菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、芽单胞菌门、绿弯菌门、衣原体门和硝化螺旋菌门为优势细菌群。2)优势细菌类群相对丰度和土壤环境因子的RDA分析表明,土壤含水率、碳氮比、pH以及土壤酶活性是影响土壤细菌群落结构的重要因子。其中,变形菌门中的大部分类群和拟杆菌门更适于生活在酸性、湿度大、营养状况良好的土壤中,主要碳源是易分解性碳;放线菌门、浮霉菌门和绿弯菌门则在碱性、干旱、营养贫瘠的土壤中更占优势,主要分解顽固性碳。3)Alpha多样性分析结果表明,土壤细菌群落多样性在4个样地间存在差异,在营养贫瘠的油松林样地土壤中细菌群落(PtMC)丰富度低,多样性高;而在营养丰富的高海拔华北落叶松样地中细菌群落(LpMC1)丰富度高,多样性低。4)细菌群落Beta多样性分析结果表明,青gD林和油松林的土壤细菌群落(PwMC与PtMC)、高海拔华北落叶松林和低海拔华北落叶松林的土壤细菌群落(LpMC1与LpMC2)结构分别具有相似性。【结论】受环境选择和扩散限制的共同影响,不同针叶林土壤细菌群落结构和物种多样性具有显著差异。据此,可通过制定不同的育林措施,改变林下土壤环境,进而优化土壤细菌群落结构;提高土壤碳汇,促进土壤氮、硫、磷等营养物质的循环,提高土壤肥力。
[Abstract]:[objective] to analyze the role of environmental and spatial factors in the construction of soil bacterial communities in cold coniferous forests. [methods] the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze the four soils of (Lp), green gD forest (Pw) and (Pt) forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in Pangquanggou Nature Reserve of Guandi Mountain. The structure of bacterial communities (LpMC1,LpMC2,PwMC and PtMC), At the same time, the physical and chemical properties of soil and the activity of soil enzyme were determined, and the correlation between bacterial community structure and forest type and soil environmental factors was discussed. [results] 1) in the forest soil bacterial community of this region, Proteus, Bacteroides, Actinomycetes, and Actinomycetes were detected. RDA analysis of the relative abundance and soil environmental factors of microphylum verrucum, phylum flovulata, phylum acidobacterium, phylum, phylum verrucum, phylum chlamydia and phylum nitrocephala were used to analyze the relative abundance of dominant bacteria and soil environmental factors. Soil water content, C / N ratio, pH and soil enzyme activity are important factors affecting the structure of soil bacterial community. Among them, most of the phylum of Proteus and Bacteroides are more suitable for living in acidic soil with high humidity and good nutrition. The main carbon source is decomposable carbon, while actinomycetes, floats and phylum are alkaline and dry. The results of Alpha diversity analysis showed that the diversity of soil bacterial communities was different among the four plots, and the (PtMC) richness of bacterial communities was low in the soils of poor nutrient Pinus tabulaeformis forest. The diversity of bacterial community (LpMC1) was high and the diversity of bacterial community was low (4. 4) in the nutrient rich larch plots at high altitude. The results of Beta diversity analysis showed that the diversity of bacterial community in Larix gmelinii was higher than that in Larix gmelini. The soil bacterial communities (LpMC1 and LpMC2) of green gD forest and Pinus tabulaeformis forest (PwMC and PtMC),) were similar respectively. [conclusion] the soil bacterial communities (LpMC1 and LpMC2) were influenced by environmental selection and diffusion. There were significant differences in soil bacterial community structure and species diversity among different coniferous forests. According to this, we can change the soil environment and optimize the structure of soil bacterial community by making different measures to cultivate forests, improve soil carbon sink, promote the circulation of soil nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, and improve soil fertility.
【作者单位】：山西大学黄土高原研究所;山西大学生物技术研究所;山西财经大学环境经济学院;
【基金】：山西省应用基础研究面上基金项目(201601D102054) 国家自然科学青年科学基金项目(31600308) 山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2012-059)
【分类号】：S714.3

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