安固里淖干湖盆土壤风蚀特征研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 08:29

【摘要】：河北坝上地处河北省西北部,分布着大大小小的湖泊几百个,由于自然因素和人为活动的干扰,有许多湖泊已经干涸或正在干涸,这些干涸后的湖泊产生的风蚀现象对下风向居民的生产和生活造成干扰,也对周边生态环境产生影响。但目前关于坝上干湖盆土壤风蚀方面的研究相对较少,因此,开展该区域干湖盆土壤风蚀特征研究具有重要的现实和理论意义。本文以干涸后的安固里淖作为研究对象,在干湖盆选取了四种典型地类,通过选取样点、野外观测、土样采集、室内实验等一系列工作开展干湖盆土壤风蚀特征研究,其主要的研究成果如下:(1)湖区内土壤主要以粉粒(0.002~0.05 mm)为主,湖区外围土壤主要以粉粒(0.002~0.05 mm)、极细沙(0.05~0.1 mm)和细沙(0.1~0.25 mm)为主,湖区东侧比西侧土壤质地更细。土壤含水量由湖区内部向外围呈递减趋势,但湖岸边缘含水量最高。研究区土壤盐碱化现象明显,含盐量及pH均较高,东侧含盐量和pH均高于西侧。土壤有机质含量总体偏低,但东侧与西侧相比含量较高。(2)地表粗糙度(Z0)的变化为:碱蓬区灌丛区湖心区过渡区。(3)四种典型地类以0.002-0.05mm粉粒含量比例最高,0.5-1.0mm粗沙粒含量最低;土壤硬度为:灌丛区湖心区碱蓬区过渡区;有机质含量为:碱蓬区过渡区湖心区灌丛区。四种典型地类土壤粒度、硬度、有机质的对比结果与整个干湖盆四种地类对比结果一致。(4)四种典型地类土壤表层含水量最大处在湖心区,其次为碱蓬区、灌丛区、过渡区。而整个湖盆大范围采样时上风向湖岸边缘地势较低易积水,因此导致含水量出现差异,干湖盆整体取样时含水量最大处在碱蓬区,其次为湖心区、灌丛区、过渡区。(5)四种典型地类以过渡区输沙量最大,分别是碱蓬去、灌丛区、湖心区的1.22倍、1.36倍、1.52倍。安固里淖干湖盆现今土壤风蚀状况并不严重,随着时间的推移其大量的细颗粒物质必定会成为风蚀隐患。
[Abstract]:Bashang, Hebei Province, is located in the northwest of Hebei Province, with hundreds of lakes large and small. Due to natural factors and human activities, many lakes have dried up or are drying up. The phenomenon of wind erosion caused by these dried lakes interferes with the production and life of residents in the downwind direction, and also has an impact on the surrounding ecological environment. However, there are few researches on wind erosion in the dry lake basin of Bashang at present. Therefore, it is of great practical and theoretical significance to study the wind erosion characteristics of the dry lake basin in this area. In this paper, the dry Angulinao is taken as the research object, four kinds of typical land species are selected in the dry lake basin, and a series of work, such as selecting sample points, field observation, soil sample collection and laboratory experiments, is carried out to study the characteristics of soil wind erosion in dry lake basin. The main results are as follows: (1) the soil in the lake area is mainly silt (0.002 ~ 0. 05 mm), and the soil in the periphery of the lake is mainly silt (0. 002 ~ 0. 05 mm),) and fine sand (0. 10 ~ 0. 25 mm). The soil texture of the east side of the lake area is thinner than that of the west side. The soil moisture content decreased from the interior of the lake area to the periphery, but the water content of the edge of the lake bank was the highest. The salinization phenomenon of soil in the study area was obvious, the salt content and pH were higher in the east side than in the west side, and the salt content and pH in the east side were higher than those in the west side. The content of soil organic matter was generally low, but the content of soil organic matter in the east side was higher than that in the west side. (2) the change of surface roughness (Z0) was as follows: the transition area of the lake center in the shrub area of Suaeda region. (3) the content of coarse sand with the highest content of 0.002-0.05mm powder was the highest in the four typical landforms (0.5-1.0 mm). The soil hardness is as follows: the transition area of Suaeda salsa and the content of organic matter are: the shrub area in the lake center of Suaeda salsa region. The results of soil grain size, soil hardness and organic matter were consistent with those of the whole dry lake basin. (4) the soil surface water content of the four typical soils was the largest in the center of the lake, followed by Suaeda salsa, thickets and transitional areas. However, when the whole lake basin is sampled in a large area, the upper wind is easy to accumulate water on the edge of the lake shore, which leads to the difference of water content. The maximum water content of the dry lake basin is in Suaeda salsa area, followed by the lake center area and thicket area. (5) in the transition area, the sediment transport in the transition area is the largest, which is 1.22 times (1.36 times) and 1.52 times (1.52 times) that of Suaeda salsa, thicket and lake center respectively. The wind erosion in dry lake basin of Anguliao is not serious at present. As time goes on, a large number of fine particles are bound to be hidden danger of wind erosion.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S157.1

【相似文献】