凹凸棒添加堆肥理化性质与重金属生物有效性的关系研究
发布时间：2018-10-09 10:44
【摘要】：禽畜粪便污染已经成为环境污染的突出问题,畜禽粪便的无害化处理势在必行,高温堆肥是禽畜粪便无害化和资源化的主要途径之一。本文以鸡粪为研究对象,重点研究堆肥中温度、p H、电导率(EC)、有机质、总碳、水溶性铵态氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)等理化指标的变化规律;探讨添加不同比例的凹凸棒对堆肥过程中理化指标的影响;以及理化指标彼此之间的相关性;而且研究堆肥过程中理化指标对重金属生物有效性的影响。实验结果表明:1.在堆肥初期,各堆体中的温度快速上升,在第4d的时候,各处理中的温度就基本达到了50℃左右。堆肥中的温度会在高温阶段保持一段时间,然后开始下降,最终降至室温左右。这符合堆肥的腐熟条件。添加不同比例的凹凸棒石对堆体温度的变化没有明显的影响。2.在堆肥初期,p H值出现了一定的下降趋势,不过在第4天后又出现增加的趋势,在堆肥腐熟的时候,p H表现出弱碱性。添加凹凸棒石能使堆肥后期p H值趋于稳定,效果比较好的处理是A9、A12和A15。堆肥过程中的EC值呈上升趋势,添加不同比例的凹凸棒石均能降低堆体的EC值。3.堆肥过程中有机质和总碳含量呈下降趋势,添加不同比例的凹凸棒石均能促进有机质和总碳的降解,以A12处理最优。4.堆肥过程中的NH4+-N含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,添加不同比例的凹凸棒石均能降低堆肥后期NH4+-N含量的下降趋势,A6处理最优。堆肥过程中的NO3--N含量总体上呈上升趋势,添加不同比例的凹凸棒石均能提高NO3--N含量的增加趋势,以A15处理最优,堆肥后期NO3--N出现了一定的下降趋势,这可能与NO3--N的淋失有关。5.温度和p H值与NH4+-N含量显著正相关,与NO3--N含量呈负相关。p H值与有机质和总碳在0.01的水平上显著相关。EC与有机质和总碳在0.01的水平上显著相关且为负相关。有机质与总碳在0.01的水平上显著正相关。NH4+-N与NO3--N呈负相关。6.堆肥过程中的理化指标与不同处理中重金属淋溶态的变化有关,其中对Zn、Cu、Cr的影响比较大。理化指标中p H、有机质和总碳与重金属淋溶态的变化有显著的相关性,p H对Cu具有负作用,对Zn、Cr、Ni具有正作用。有机质和总碳对Zn、Cr、Ni具有负作用,而对Cu具有正作用。而且不同处理中理化指标与各个淋溶态之间的相关性也不同。7.堆肥过程中的理化指标与不同处理中重金属形态的变化有关。理化指标中EC、有机质和总碳与堆肥各处理中重金属形态的变化有显著的相关性。A9处理中p H与重金属形态的变化有显著的相关性,而且理化指标与不同金属形态之间的相关性也不同。
[Abstract]:Livestock manure pollution has become a prominent problem of environmental pollution. It is imperative to treat livestock and poultry feces innocuously. High temperature composting is one of the main ways to make livestock manure harmless and resource. In this paper, chicken manure was used as the research object. The changes of physical and chemical indexes such as temperature, (EC), organic matter, total carbon, water-soluble ammonium nitrogen (NH4 -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in compost were studied. The effects of different proportions of attapulgite on the physical and chemical indexes of compost and the correlation between them were discussed. The effects of physical and chemical indexes on the bioavailability of heavy metals in composting were also studied. The result of the experiment shows that 1: 1. At the early stage of composting, the temperature of each reactor increased rapidly, and on the 4th day, the temperature of each treatment reached about 50 鈩，
本文编号：2259045
[Abstract]:Livestock manure pollution has become a prominent problem of environmental pollution. It is imperative to treat livestock and poultry feces innocuously. High temperature composting is one of the main ways to make livestock manure harmless and resource. In this paper, chicken manure was used as the research object. The changes of physical and chemical indexes such as temperature, (EC), organic matter, total carbon, water-soluble ammonium nitrogen (NH4 -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in compost were studied. The effects of different proportions of attapulgite on the physical and chemical indexes of compost and the correlation between them were discussed. The effects of physical and chemical indexes on the bioavailability of heavy metals in composting were also studied. The result of the experiment shows that 1: 1. At the early stage of composting, the temperature of each reactor increased rapidly, and on the 4th day, the temperature of each treatment reached about 50 鈩，
本文编号：2259045
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