森林土壤-植物系统铝毒害及防治研究进展
发布时间：2018-10-12 14:36
【摘要】：铝是地壳中含量最丰富的金属元素。由于林地土壤酸化等环境因素的影响,使本来固定在森林土壤中的铝溶出而成为活性铝,对森林植物的潜在毒性增加。酸性土壤中活性铝对陆地生态系统的潜在毒性是20世纪70年代蔓延中欧的森林退化的主要因素之一,从而引起了各国的高度重视。开展森林土壤-植物系统铝毒害的研究,对森林资源保护和铝毒的评估及防治具有重要意义。本文综述了森林土壤中铝的化学形态及其分布、铝在森林植物中的积累和存在形态以及对森林植物的生长、生理生化进程、遗传因子的影响等方面的研究进展。此外,还从控制酸化进程、添加盐基离子、控制根际有机酸、接种菌根真菌、选择适当的植物类型和混交种植等方面介绍了减缓森林铝毒害的措施。在此基础上,本文从铝危害的阈值研究和铝毒风险评估、铝的亚细胞分布和化学形态与铝毒关系研究、减缓铝毒的新措施等方面提出了需进一步开展研究的方向。
[Abstract]:Aluminum is the most abundant metal element in the crust. Due to the influence of soil acidification and other environmental factors, aluminum which was fixed in forest soil was dissolved into active aluminum, and the potential toxicity to forest plants increased. The potential toxicity of active aluminum to terrestrial ecosystems in acidic soils is one of the main factors of forest degradation spreading in Central Europe in the 1970s, which has attracted great attention of all countries. The study of aluminum toxicity in forest soil-plant system is of great significance to the protection of forest resources and the assessment and control of aluminum toxicity. In this paper, the chemical forms and distribution of aluminum in forest soil, the accumulation and existing forms of aluminum in forest plants, and the effects on the growth, physiological and biochemical processes and genetic factors of forest plants were reviewed. In addition, the measures of reducing forest aluminum toxicity were introduced from the aspects of controlling acidification process, adding base ions, controlling rhizosphere organic acids, inoculating mycorrhizal fungi, selecting appropriate plant types and mixed planting, etc. On this basis, this paper puts forward the direction of further research on the threshold value of aluminum toxicity, the risk assessment of aluminum toxicity, the relationship between subcellular distribution and chemical form of aluminum and aluminum toxicity, and the new measures to reduce aluminum toxicity.
【作者单位】： 福建农林大学资源与环境学院;福建农林大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31370609)资助
【分类号】：S714
，
本文编号：2266493
[Abstract]:Aluminum is the most abundant metal element in the crust. Due to the influence of soil acidification and other environmental factors, aluminum which was fixed in forest soil was dissolved into active aluminum, and the potential toxicity to forest plants increased. The potential toxicity of active aluminum to terrestrial ecosystems in acidic soils is one of the main factors of forest degradation spreading in Central Europe in the 1970s, which has attracted great attention of all countries. The study of aluminum toxicity in forest soil-plant system is of great significance to the protection of forest resources and the assessment and control of aluminum toxicity. In this paper, the chemical forms and distribution of aluminum in forest soil, the accumulation and existing forms of aluminum in forest plants, and the effects on the growth, physiological and biochemical processes and genetic factors of forest plants were reviewed. In addition, the measures of reducing forest aluminum toxicity were introduced from the aspects of controlling acidification process, adding base ions, controlling rhizosphere organic acids, inoculating mycorrhizal fungi, selecting appropriate plant types and mixed planting, etc. On this basis, this paper puts forward the direction of further research on the threshold value of aluminum toxicity, the risk assessment of aluminum toxicity, the relationship between subcellular distribution and chemical form of aluminum and aluminum toxicity, and the new measures to reduce aluminum toxicity.
【作者单位】： 福建农林大学资源与环境学院;福建农林大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31370609)资助
【分类号】：S714
，
本文编号：2266493
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