稻-稻-油菜轮作对土壤微生物活性和多样性的影响
[Abstract]:Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Rape (Brassica campestris L.) Crop rotation is a common farming system in southern China, which has the advantages of increasing agricultural land use efficiency and soil productivity, and changing soil ecological environment. The change of soil ecological environment in rotation is beneficial to crop growth, and the change of microorganism in soil is an important factor in the change of soil ecological environment. Therefore, the study of soil microbial activity and diversity can provide theoretical basis for the effect of rice and rape rotation cultivation on soil texture, and have important practical significance for maintaining a good soil environment ecosystem and farmland sustainable tillage. The rice-rape rotation soil in Liuyang (short-term experiment: 3 a) and Anren (long-term experiment: 30 a) was used as the research object, and the rice-rice continuous cropping soil was selected as control. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents were measured in July, October, and April, 2016, respectively. The results showed that the microbial biomass carbon content in Liuyang soil was higher than that in continuous cropping of rice and rape, 16.99% 15.26% and 32.33%, respectively, and that in Anren soil was 26.38 38% and 20.18% higher than that in Liuyang soil, respectively, as far as the measured microbial biomass nitrogen content in Liuyang soil was concerned. Rice-rape rotation was 34.63% higher than that of rice-rice continuous cropping, and 17.80% and 33.81% higher than that of rice-rice continuous cropping, and the soil in Anren was 14.299.31% higher than 14.58% in Anren soil, respectively. Soil microbial diversity was analyzed by Biolog ECO technique. The results showed that the average light absorption value (AWCD) of rice-rapeseed rotation and continuous rice-rice cropping in Liuyang and Anren was the same, and the AWCD value of rice-rape rotation was higher than that of rice-rice continuous cropping. The results showed that rice-rape rotation improved the ability of soil microorganism to utilize carbon source. The results showed that rice-rape rotation significantly increased the soil microbial richness index, but had no significant effect on the evenness and dominance index. According to principal component analysis, the utilization of carbon sources by soil microbes in three different periods was mainly carboxylic acids and amino acids.
【作者单位】: 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;湖南农业大学工学院;
【基金】:国家自然科学基金项目(31272248) 国际科技合作项目(2013DFG91190)
【分类号】:S154.3
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