有机耕作方式对我国南方典型土壤质量影响的评价

发布时间：2018-10-31 08:03

【摘要】：选取南方14个典型农场,包括7个有机农场和7个相邻的常规农场,对其土壤物理指标(容重)、化学指标(pH值、有机质含量、全氮含量、全磷含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量)和生物指标(微生物量碳含量,微生物群落多样性指数及优势度指数,线虫数量,线虫群落多样性指数及优势度指数)共13个指标进行统计分析。采用主成分分析法,筛选全氮含量、pH值、容重、微生物量碳含量、线虫数量和线虫群落优势度指数6个指标作为评价体系的最小数据集(minimum data set,MDS)。有机种植方式基于MDS的土壤质量指数(Is,q,6)为0.39~0.72,常规种植方式的Is,q,6为0.18~0.54,除1个样点外,有机种植方式的Is,q,6均高于常规种植方式。基于MDS的6个指标对土壤质量的贡献率为12.4%~21.8%,其中,线虫群落优势度贡献率最高。基于13个指标的土壤质量指数(Is,q,13)与Is,q,6呈显著正相关(r=0.89,P0.05),表明基于MDS的土壤质量评价是一种有效可行的评价方法。
[Abstract]:The soil physical indexes (bulk density), chemical indexes (pH value, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, available phosphorus content) of 14 typical farms in southern China, including 7 organic farms and 7 adjacent conventional farms, were selected. Available potassium content and biological indexes (microbial biomass carbon content, microbial community diversity index and dominance index, nematode number, nematode community diversity index and dominance index) were statistically analyzed. Total nitrogen content, pH value, bulk density, microbial biomass carbon content, nematode number and dominance index of nematode community were selected by principal component analysis (minimum data set,MDS). The soil quality index (Is,q,6) of organic planting method based on MDS was 0.390.72, and the Is,q,6 of conventional planting method was 0.180.54. Except for one sample, the Is,q, of organic planting method was 0.390.72. 6 was higher than that of conventional planting. The contribution rate of the six indexes based on MDS to soil quality was 12.4and 21.8.The dominant contribution rate of nematode community was the highest. Soil quality index (Is,q,13) based on 13 indexes was positively correlated with Is,q,6 (r 0.89% P 0.05), which indicated that MDS based soil quality evaluation was an effective and feasible evaluation method.
【作者单位】：环境保护部南京环境科学研究所;国家认监委认证认可技术研究所;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAK19B01) 环保公益性行业科研专项(201309036) 国家自然科学基金青年基金(41401336) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(20160201,20160303) 云南省环保公益专项(45010) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003014-2)
【分类号】：S151.9

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