解淀粉芽孢杆菌S3-1的田间应用及表面活性素发酵工艺优化

发布时间：2018-11-05 08:29

【摘要】：化肥促进农业生产发展的同时也带来了环境污染、土壤板结、土壤肥力下降、盐渍化加剧和农作物品质下降等一系列问题,对农业的可持续发展构成了严重的挑战。为了减少化肥的使用,本研究使用从植物根际筛选得到一株能够促进植物生长并改善土壤环境的解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)S3-1,通过发酵技术将其与辅助材料进行多次复配,制成以S3-1为主要功能菌的生物有机肥。然后在上海浦东番茄实验基地以基肥和追肥的方式进行大田实验并得到了如下结果:1)在施用了生物有机肥后番茄株高增加了15.44%,果实的累计产量增加了63%,果实内的可溶性蛋白、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、维生素C的含量分别提高了49.36%、9.40%、6.82%、71.66%,而硝酸盐的含量降低了13.6%;2)生物有机肥的施用分别使土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶的活性提高了约31.50%、44.69%、31.03%、27.27%和4.32%,同时也增加了土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量;3)在使用生物有机肥后,土壤中速效磷、速效钾的含量分别提高了71.1%和69.2%,而硝态氮、铵态氮的值降低了43.4%和55.2%,同时也降低了pH的大小和缓解了土壤的盐渍化。本研究在最后一部分通过利用响应面分析方法对该菌株的发酵培养基组分进行了优化,以获得表面活性素合成量的最大化。通过实验,我们将表面活性素的合成量由最初的271.20mg/L提升到544.35mg/L,表明了该菌株具有很大的应用潜力。综上所述,所研制的S3-1生物有机肥能够增加番茄产量,提升番茄果实品质,提高土壤生物活性,促进有机养分转化,缓解土壤盐渍化程度。除此之外该菌株还具有很大的应用潜力,如量产表面活性素类物质等。而以上这些研究为解淀粉芽孢杆菌S3-1在农业生产的实际应用奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:A series of problems, such as environmental pollution, soil consolidation, soil fertility decline, salinization and crop quality decline, are brought by chemical fertilizer to promote the development of agricultural production, which pose a serious challenge to the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer, a strain of Bacillus amylolyticus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) S3-1, which can promote plant growth and improve soil environment, was obtained from the rhizosphere of plants. A biological organic fertilizer with S3-1 as the main functional bacteria was prepared. The results are as follows: 1) after applying biological organic fertilizer, the plant height of tomato increased 15.444.The accumulative yield of tomato increased 63%, and the total yield of tomato was increased by 63% in Shanghai Pudong Tomato Experimental Base, and the following results were obtained: 1) after the application of bio-organic fertilizer, the plant height of tomato increased 15.44%, and the cumulative fruit yield increased 63%. The contents of soluble protein, titratable acid, soluble sugar and vitamin C in the fruit increased by 49.36 and 9.406.82%, respectively, and the nitrate content decreased by 13.6. 2) the activities of urease, sucrase, acid phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase in soil were increased by 31.50%, 44.69%, 27.27% and 4.32%, respectively. It also increased the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in soil. 3) the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium in soil increased by 71.1% and 69.2%, respectively, while the values of nitrate and ammonium decreased by 43.4% and 55.2%, respectively. At the same time, the size of pH was reduced and soil salinization was alleviated. In the last part of the study, the fermentation medium components of the strain were optimized by using response surface analysis to maximize the amount of surfactant synthesis. Through experiments, we increased the amount of surfactant synthesis from the initial 271.20mg/L to 544.35 mg / L, which indicates that the strain has great application potential. In conclusion, S3-1 bio-organic fertilizer can increase tomato yield, improve tomato fruit quality, improve soil biological activity, promote organic nutrient transformation, and alleviate soil salinization. In addition, the strain also has great application potential, such as mass production of surface active substances and so on. These studies have laid a foundation for the practical application of Bacillus amylolyticus S3-1 in agricultural production.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S144

【相似文献】