厌氧自电解去除猪场废水中的典型污染物研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 16:37

【摘要】：厌氧自电解(Anaerobic self-electrolysis,ASE)将无能耗微电解、微生物降解和生物电化学工艺融为一体,回收利用有机物微生物降解过程中产生的质子和电子使得反应器形成电势差进而产生电流,净化废水。本研究以猪场废水、模拟猪场废水启动、运行厌氧自电解反应器,考察臭味组分去除效果、氨氮损失途径以及金霉素、磺胺二甲嘧啶、罗红霉素及诺氟沙星等抗生素对厌氧自电解体系产电除污性能影响以及抗生素在厌氧自电解体系中的去除效果。主要结果如下:(1)通过度量电化学指标和进出水水质,考察了构建的厌氧自电解反应器处理猪场废水原水的效果。结果表明,成功启动后,反应器ASE-8和ASE-0(对照)在连续流条件下的电压及最大功率密度分别稳定在0.527 V、5.76 W/m3和0.503 V、7.37 W/m3。出水COD去除率86.57~87.27%,总氮去除率可达51.57~52.90%,氨氮和硝氮的去除率分别为31.03~37.27%和79.45~84.03%。可以看出,构建的厌氧自电解反应器能够有效净化猪场废水。(2)在反应器处理猪场废水稳定运行情况下,采用GC-FID法对反应器ASE-8和ASE-0进出水11种臭味组分进行检测,研究了厌氧自电解过程对猪场废水臭味去除的效果。结果显示,大部分臭味组分如异丁酸、丁酸、己酸、粪臭素去除率达100%。从而说明厌氧自电解技术能够有效去除猪场废水中的臭味。(3)通过收集阴极挥发氨、FISH法检测氨氧化和厌氧氨氧化等特征菌存在与否,分析了ASE体系中氨氮损失途径。结果表明,在ASE反应器处理废水过程中,氨氮以5.4 mg/(d·m2)速率从阴极挥发,FISH检测出阳极碳毡、活性炭均有氨氧化和厌氧氨氧化菌的存在。这说明阴极氨挥发、氨氧化、厌氧氨氧化等途径均存在与厌氧自电解体系中,共同协助实现体系氨氮的损失。(4)以模拟猪场废水为底物,依次添加金霉素、磺胺二甲嘧啶、罗红霉素及诺氟沙星四种抗生素,通过度量电化学指标、水质指标及进出水抗生素LC-MS分析,考察了抗生素对ASE体系产电除污性能影响和ASE体系去除抗生素的效果。结果表明,金霉素、磺胺二甲嘧啶、罗红霉素及诺氟沙星四种抗生素依次添加后,ASE输出电压明显降低,由0.51 V降至0.41 V。抗生素浓度降低时,输出电压有所上升,而COD、总氮、硝态氮等污染物去除效果没有明显变化,氨氮、总磷的去除效果则有明显好转。同时,抗生素的LC-MS分析结果显示,金霉素、罗红霉素及诺氟沙星四类抗生素得到有效去除,去除率可达100%,而出水磺胺二甲嘧啶浓度低于0.1μg/L,去除率达99.9%。这表明抗生素可明显抑制ASE产电性能但对出水水质影响不大,ASE过程对典型抗生素有明显的去除作用。
[Abstract]:Anaerobic autoelectrolysis (Anaerobic self-electrolysis,ASE) integrates energy free microelectrolysis, microbial degradation and bioelectrochemistry. The proton and electron produced in the process of microbial degradation of organic matter make the reactor form potential difference and generate electric current to purify the wastewater. In this study, the anaerobic autoelectrolysis reactor was run with pig farm wastewater and simulated pig farm wastewater. The removal efficiency of odor components, ammonia nitrogen loss pathway, chlortetracycline and sulfadimethazine were investigated. The effects of antibiotics such as roxithromycin and norfloxacin on the performance of electricity production and decontamination in anaerobic autoelectrolysis system and the removal effect of antibiotics in anaerobic autoelectrolysis system were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the effect of anaerobic autoelectrolysis reactor on raw water treatment of pig farm wastewater was investigated by measuring electrochemical indexes and water quality. The results showed that the voltage and maximum power density of ASE-8 and ASE-0 were stable at 0.527 V / V 5.76 W/m3 and 0.503 V / 7. 37 W / m ~ (3), respectively. The removal rate of COD in effluent was 86.57 ~ 87.27 and the removal rate of total nitrogen was 51.57 ~ 52.90. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were 31.03 ~ 37.27% and 79.45 ~ 84.03 respectively. It can be seen that the constructed anaerobic autoelectrolysis reactor can effectively purify the wastewater from pig farm. (2) under the condition of stable operation of the reactor for treatment of pig farm wastewater, In this paper, GC-FID method was used to detect 11 odor components of ASE-8 and ASE-0 inlet and outlet water, and the effect of anaerobic autoelectrolysis on the removal of odor from pig farm wastewater was studied. The results showed that the removal rate of most odor components such as isobutyric acid, caproic acid and faecal odor was 100. It is concluded that anaerobic autoelectrolysis can effectively remove the odour in the wastewater from pig farm. (3) the ammonia nitrogen loss in ASE system is analyzed by collecting ammonia from cathode volatile ammonia and detecting the presence of ammonia oxidation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation by FISH method. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen volatilized from cathode at 5.4 mg/ (d m 2) rate in ASE reactor, and anodic carbon felt was detected by FISH. There were ammonia oxidation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in activated carbon. This shows that ammonia volatilization, ammonia oxidation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation all exist in anaerobic-autoelectrolysis system, and help to realize ammonia nitrogen loss. (4) chlortetracycline and sulfadimethazine are added to simulated pig wastewater as substrate. Four kinds of antibiotics, roxithromycin and norfloxacin, were measured and analyzed by electrochemical index, water quality index and LC-MS analysis. The effects of antibiotics on the electric decontamination of ASE system and the removal of antibiotics by ASE system were investigated. The results showed that the output voltage of ASE decreased from 0. 51 V to 0. 41 V after the addition of chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, roxithromycin and norfloxacin. When the concentration of antibiotics decreased, the output voltage increased, while the removal efficiency of total COD, nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and other pollutants did not change obviously, while the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus was improved obviously. At the same time, LC-MS analysis of antibiotics showed that chlortetracycline, roxithromycin and norfloxacin were effectively removed, the removal rate was up to 100, and the concentration of sulfadimethazine in water was less than 0.1 渭 g / L, The removal rate is 99.9%. The results showed that antibiotics could significantly inhibit the electrical properties of ASE, but had little effect on the effluent quality. The typical antibiotics could be removed by ASE process.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X713

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