氮掺杂碳纳米子施用对稻田氮素径流和渗漏损失的影响

发布时间：2018-11-20 21:19

【摘要】：为明确氮掺杂碳纳米粒子(N-CNPs)在田间条件下对单季稻田氮素径流和渗漏损失的影响,采用田间小区实验,对不同用量N-CNPs和双氰胺(DCD)配施尿素时稻田径流液和渗漏液中总氮(TN)、铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)和硝态氮(NO-3-N)的动态和损失总量进行研究。结果表明:与单独施用尿素(Urea)处理相比,N-CNPs配施尿素能降低稻田径流NH_4~+-N浓度和渗漏液中NO-3-N浓度;基肥后第1次自然降雨产流时,15‰N-CNPs处理径流液中NH_4~+-N浓度较Urea处理降低30.33%,基肥后第7 d渗漏液中NO-3-N浓度较Urea处理降低了27.22%。在水稻全生育期内,15‰N-CNPs处理径流总氮损失量为8.15 kg·hm~(-2),占该处理总施氮量的4.08%,较Urea处理减少2.04 kg·hm~(-2),降幅达到20.02%;TN渗漏总量为16.59 kg·hm~(-2),占施氮总量的8.30%,较Urea处理减少8.83 kg·hm~(-2),降幅达到34.73%,其径流和渗漏TN损失量较5%DCD处理分别降低5.67%和15.70%。研究表明,尿素配施N-CNPs能显著减少稻田氮素径流和渗漏损失,达到提高氮肥利用效率、控制农田非点源污染范围和强度的目的。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the effect of nitrogen-doped carbon nano-particles (N-CNPs) on the nitrogen run-off and leakage of the single-season rice field under the field condition, the total nitrogen (TN) in the runoff and the leakage of the rice field was applied to different amounts of N-CNPs and dicyanamide (DCD) in the field cell experiment. The dynamic and total loss of nitrogen (NH _ 4 ~ +-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO-3-N) were studied. The results show that the N-CNPs with urea can reduce the concentration of NH _ 4 ~ +-N and NO-3-N in the leakage liquid, and the concentration of NH _ 4 ~ +-N in the runoff solution is reduced by 30. 33% in the first natural rainfall runoff process after the base fertilizer. The concentration of NO-3-N decreased by 27. 22% in the 7th day after the base fertilizer. The total nitrogen loss of 15-N-CNPs was 8.15 kg 路 hm ~ (-2) in the whole growth period of rice, accounting for 4.08% of total nitrogen application in this treatment, and the decrease of Utrea was reduced by 2.04 kg 路 hm ~ (-2), the decrease was 20.02%, and the total amount of TN leakage was 16.59 kg 路 hm ~ (-2), accounting for 8.30% of total nitrogen application, and 8.83 kg 路 hm ~ (-2). The loss of runoff and leakage of TN was reduced by 5.67% and 15.70%, respectively, by 34. 73%. The results show that the application of N-CNPs in urea can significantly reduce the nitrogen run-off and leakage of the rice field, and improve the utilization efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer and control the scope and strength of the non-point source pollution in the field.
【作者单位】：湖南科技大学生态景观修复与规划设计研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31401943) 湖南省教育厅基金项目(14C0453)~~
【分类号】：X52;X71

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