免耕、深松对不同土层土壤物理特征的影响

发布时间：2018-11-24 18:35

【摘要】：为探明长期免耕和深松对土壤物理特征的影响,在长期定位试验中分层(0~10,10~20,…,90~100cm)采取环刀土壤样品,测定了0~100cm不同土层的土壤密度、土壤持水能力、供水能力、田间持水量、饱和含水量及有效含水量等。结果表明:随土层的加深,土壤密度表现为先降后增再趋于稳定,土壤持水能力表现为先降低再增加的趋势,土壤供水能力表现为先增加再降低再增加而趋于平缓,田间持水量表现为逐渐降低再增加的趋势,土壤有效水则表现为先增加后降低而趋于稳定的趋势。深松处理40cm以上土层的土壤密度相对较低,在20~50cm土层的持水能力最强,而在60~80cm土层,其持水能力却最低。在0~10和40~80cm土层,土壤供水能力表现为:免耕深松常规耕作。在20~40和80~90cm土层中,仍以深松处理的供水能力较强。在0~10cm土层中,各处理的饱和含水量和田间持水量均表现为:免耕深松常规耕作;在20~50cm土层,深松免耕常规耕作;在50~80cm土层,免耕深松常规耕作;在80cm土层以下,深松免耕常规耕作。免耕处理0~10cm土层的土壤有效水含量明显高于其他处理,而在10~50cm土层,深松处理最高。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effects of long-term no-tillage and deep soaking on soil physical characteristics, stratification was carried out in a long-term localizing experiment. The soil density, soil water holding capacity, water supply capacity, field water holding capacity, saturated water content and available water content in different soil layers of 0~100cm were measured by 90~100cm. The results showed that with the deepening of soil layer, the soil density decreased first and then increased and then became stable, the water holding capacity of soil decreased first and then increased, and the water supply capacity of soil increased first and then decreased and then increased slowly. The field water capacity decreased gradually and then increased, while the available soil water increased first and then decreased and then tended to stabilize. The soil density of deep loosening treatment above 40cm is relatively low, and the water holding capacity of 20~50cm soil is the strongest, while that of 60~80cm soil is the lowest. In 0 ~ 10 and 40~80cm soil layers, the ability of soil water supply was as follows: no tillage and deep loosening conventional tillage. In 20 ~ 40 and 80~90cm soil layers, the water supply capacity of deep loosening treatment is stronger. In the 0~10cm soil layer, the saturated water content and the field water capacity of each treatment are as follows: conventional tillage with no tillage and deep loosening, conventional tillage with deep loose tillage in 20~50cm soil layer, conventional tillage with deep loose tillage with no tillage with deep loosening in 50~80cm soil layer; Under the 80cm soil layer, deep loose no-tillage conventional tillage. The soil available water content in 0~10cm soil layer under no-tillage treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments, but in 10~50cm soil layer, deep loosening treatment was the highest.
【作者单位】：河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所;农业部作物高效用水科学观测实验站;河南邦友科技有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(U1404404) 河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2016YQ12) 国家“863”计划项目(2013AA102904)
【分类号】：S152

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